152 DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 



a. dny wliero contagions diseases are iii tlie near vicinity to diminisli the 

 chances to the h)west point. If the tongue is pale and broad, bicarbon- 

 ate of soda mnst be added to neutralize the acid in the stomach, also 

 sulphate of iron in doses of five grains will be found useful. 



The curative treatment like the i)reventive must be both hygienic and 

 medical. If disease has appeared in a herd promjit measures must be 

 at once taken to i^revent its spread. The sick must be immediately sep- 

 arated from the well. All organic matter, such as hay, straw, and litter, 

 to which the hogs have access, must be burned, the lots cleaned up, and 

 every possible effort made to destroy contagion. The weU hogs, if pos- 

 sible, shoidd be at once placed upon fresh ground ; that is, on ground 

 over which the sick hogs have not passed since a heavy rain cleansed 

 the surface. Any disorder of stomach or general system shoidd be at 

 once corrected, and at least once a day the remedy before mentioned 

 should be given in slop. Each day all hogs in well herds showing symp- 

 toms of disease should be at once separated from the others. Where the 

 season will ijermit, especially in cases of typhoid fever, keep the entire 

 drove on plowed ground, and have the ground harrowed every day to 

 insure thorough mixture of fecal matter with the soil. Keep the sick 

 hogs on a dry clay floor, with free ventilation, and protected from cold 

 wind and rain ; feed nothing but cooked slop and milk, and these only in 

 limited quantities, adding the medicines recommended with the slop. In 

 typhus and diphtheria the important point is to relieve the bowels as 

 speedily as possible, and for this i)urpose castor-oil or saline cathartics 

 must be freely given until the object is accomplished. In typhoid, diar- 

 rhea is a prominent symptom, and cathartics should be avoided. When 

 the animal is a valuable one and will repay the trouble, injections of 

 warm soft water into the bowels will be found the best plan for mov- 

 ing the same. The injections should be repeated until the bowels are 

 well acted upon. In diphtheria the imjjortant point is to neutralize the 

 poison as rapidly as possible, and eliminate it from the system. This 

 can be effected "with the sulphite and belladonna. The following will 

 be foimd a useful formula, viz : Satiu-ated solution of sulphite or hyposul- 

 phite of soda, one quart; fluid extract belladonna, three drachms; fluid 

 extract aconite, two drachms. Of this mixture give one gill to every 

 sixteen hogs five times a day, in a limited amoimt of milk or cooked 

 slop. If the glands of neck are swoUen to such an extent as to threaten 

 danger from suftbcation, oil of turpentine and sweet-oil may be freely 

 applied externally. By following these directions in treatment few, if 

 any, of the hogs sufi'eriug from tliiihtheria will die, and recovery will be 

 rapid and permanent. "When a good article of the powdered herbs can 

 be obtained, the following will be found preferable to the tmctures and 

 fluid extracts : Sulphite or hyposulphite of soda, five poimds ; sulphm-, 

 two pounds ; powdered belladonna leaves, four ounces ; powdered aconite 

 root, two ounces; powdered elecampane, a half-poimd; powdered ginger, 

 two ounces, and mix thoroughly. On one jiound of the powder pour three 

 (piarts of water (boiling) ; add a quart of molasses, stir and cover. Of 

 this mixture give one gill to every fifteen hogs, or one tablespoonful to 

 every hog, in a little milk, four or five times a day. The medicine should 

 be kept in a stone crock or wooden bucket — not in a tm vessel. In 

 t.>7)hoid fever the condition of tongue is our principal guide to determhie 

 treatment. The sick will, as a rule, utterly refuse food, and very little 

 medicine will be needed. Carbolic acid in millc, in doses of two to 

 five drops in one jjint of milk, as often as the hog will drink, or three 

 times a day if giveji by force, will accomplish a good ])ur])Ose if added 

 to medicine, and oil of turpentine may be added as a useful adjunct. If 



