DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 153 



the toiiji'ue is red, muriatic acid, diluteil iu doses of ten drops in a little 

 slop, can be given as often as the hog- vnll drink, or the water may be 

 acidulated with the acid. "Where there is a large number of hogs sick 

 it will be imjiossible to attend each one. I would therefore advise the 

 use of these remedies to all the sick, not attempting' to treat special 

 symptoms in each case. If the disease is promptly treated as above, the 

 first symptoms of typhoid may be destroyed, and the hog will improve 

 at once, but if treatment is delayed the case must run at least a nine 

 days' course. Great care must be exercised in returning to solid food, 

 as this error may render a ho^ worthless that might have entirely 

 recovered from the eflects of the disease. 



Under the above course of treatment I have succeeded in checldng 

 the spread of the disease, and a large majority of the sick hogs have re- 

 covered. 



Treatment of typlnis fever. — I must confess I have not had any very 

 flattering success in the treatment of this disease, and can only give my 

 views and recommendations and the reasons therefor, hoping that some 

 of my colleagues may have been more successful. As mentioned before, 

 the bowels must be relieved either by saline purgatives or by injections. 

 This is an important point, as impacted fecal matter is a frequent cause 

 of death. Another important point is to keep the hogs on a large range, 

 scattered as much as possible, as crowding together only increases the 

 intensity of the poison. Internally give as follows : Bromide of potas- 

 sium, ^ ounce ; bromide of ammonia, ^ ounce ; gelseminum (fluid ex.), 

 2 ounces ; aconite (fluid ex.), 2 ounces ; capsicum (tr.), J ounce ; water 

 suflicient to make 4 ounces. Of this mixture give one teaspoonful to 

 each hog three to six times a day, in milk or slops. After the bowels 

 have been freely moved the amount of podox)hyllin (may-apple) must be 

 reduced. The same remedies can be obtained in powdered form and 

 given in infusions : Bromide of pot-assium and ammonia, of each one- 

 half ounce ; powdered gelsemini and powdered aconite root each one- 

 half ounce j powdered capsicum (cayenne), two drachms; powdered ele- 

 campane, one-half ounce ; x^owdered podophyllin, two to four drachms. 

 Upon this powder pour one quart of boiling water, stir and cover, and 

 give a tablespoonful to each hog twice a day, or oftener, in a little slop. 

 The same medicine may be given to the well animals as soon as they 

 are separated from the sick. It should be given on an empty stomach 

 every morning. The great diiiiculty in obtaining powdered drugs is 

 that most of the powdered vegetable drugs have been kept so long in 

 stock that the medicinal properties are lost, and are perfectly inert. I 

 would, therefore, advise the use of fluid extracts in preference to pow- 

 dered medicines, unless a reliable article can be prociu-ed. 



The following may be considered the best general treatment for a drove 

 of hogs attacked with contagious disease : Separate the sick from the 

 well animals ; keep the sick on bare and fr-esh ground, not having been 

 passed over by diseased hogs since a heavy rain. If constipated, see 

 that the bowels are moved either by using salts, oil, or iujections. Pro- 

 tect them from inclement weather, and give internally, if the tongues 

 are large, white, and flabby, soda, hyposulphite and bicarbonate, each 

 one-half drachm, sulphite iron five grains, belladonna, leaves two quarts, 

 ])Owdered aconite root two grains, elecampane (powdered), twenty 

 graiiis, once a day to well and three times a day to sick hogs, iu milk or 

 fresh, rich slop. If tongues are red and contracted, give water and slop 

 acidulated with numatic acid to all, and to sick hogs givi^ bromide, gel- 

 seminum, andmandralce, in regular and free doses. I "!*\'ould ])arl icularly 

 caution the farmer not to rely ui>on medical treatment to the exclusion 



