174 DISEASES OF swI^^: and other aijimals. 



a staggering-, painful gait. Some, if they attempt to run, go sidewise, 

 and carry their head to one side. In white hogs, rose-colored spots ap- 

 jiear on belly and inside of arms and breast, eftaceable by pressure, but 

 retm-n immediately. On dark hogs, the spots are of a petechia or hemor- 

 rhagic character, with elevation of tlie cuticle, especially behind the 

 shoulders and on the neck and back of the ears. In one case, sick three 

 weeks, I found sloughs one inch or more in diameter, thickly scattered 

 over belly, neck, and snout. Large abscesses are occasionally seen in 

 parotid glands (behind the ears), and in a few malignant cases the legs 

 swell until the skin bursts, discharging a thick, yellow senim. In some 

 cases the hoofs fall off". If the case does not end fatally, as it often does 

 in a few days, the sjinptoms increase in severity. The animals rai)idly 

 lose Hesh, get lousy, refuse to eat or take note of their surroundings ; 

 if possible to arouse them, they immediately relapse into a stupor. 

 Some pass off' in this Avay ; in others, convulsions close the scene. 

 When one occasionally gets well, it is after a very protracted convales- 

 cence. Abscesses, ulcers, &c., form on different parts of the body. The 

 hair all falls off, and it seldom makes much hog anyway. 



Mj subjects for post mortem examinations were taken, some of them 

 a feAV hours after death, and others were killed during various stages of 

 the disease, from the first day to the third, and in the fom-th week, by 

 bleeding. The subjects that had died were usually very much emaciated, 

 lousy, offensive ; snout and ears a dark purple; eyes shrunken, some- 

 times ulcerated, and body covered with dark spots of extravasated 

 blood. 



The principal lesions found were in the alimentary mucous membrane 

 and in the organs of the chest. The tongue I seldom found coated, though 

 usually red and often ulcerated, especially towards the base, extending 

 into throat and down the oesophagus. The stomach was usually found 

 distended with undigested acid, and sometimes offensive iugesta and 

 flatus. The ileum (small bowel) and colon (large bowel) filled with hard 

 dry feces or with dark liquid, fetid discharges, and distended with gas. 

 The mucous membrane of stomach and intestines, differing with the stage 

 of the disease at which death had occuiTed, presented the various stages 

 of inflammation and its sequela, from a faint pink blush to a dark red 

 thickened condition. This was the case with the whole siuface of the 

 stomach and of the ileum or colon, or more or less extensive portions of 

 each. In some cases the dark thickened membrane could be easily 

 stripped from the sub-mucous coat. Ulcers in the glands of the small 

 intestine and csecum were frequent. Peyer's glands in two or three 

 cases were very much enlarged and thickened, and covered with hard, 

 dark scabs. In several cases the ileum was so contracted in several 

 places that they looked as if they had been scorched. 



The peritoneum was generally more or less inflamed, and in two cases 

 I found in one two and in the other four quarts of straw-colored serum 

 in the abdominal cavity ; a portion of which, in the largest, was coagu- 

 lated, apparently by the groat heat of the bowels. (The temperature 

 was 1090 F.) 



The lungs I found, with two exceptions, in diff'erent degrees of inflam- 

 mation, varying with the period of the disease, which constitute pneu- 

 monia. This was the case either in the first stage (that of congestion), 

 the second stage, (no hepatization), or third stage (gray hepatization) ; 

 though, as is usual in diseases of a low and feeble character, these 

 stages were not always well marked, but often presented more the con- 

 dition called splenization, caused by the blood not yielding sufficient 

 plastic matter to form the firm, resisting character of hepatization. 



