186 DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHBIi ANIMALS. 



into the field first sowed, and afterwards into tlie second field, so as to 

 keep tliem until corn is '' out of tlie milk," AYlien lie cuts and feeds them 

 corn. Feeds his pigs on oats and shorts during the winter. Lets the 

 sows wean the pigs. Breeds his sows twice a year ; first htter to come 

 about the 20th of February, next litter the 20th September. After the 

 green oats are gone he turns them into a pasture of 120 acres. Tliey 

 have access i*o clear running water and to shade in summer. Has cover 

 for pigs in winter, but none for old hogs. Does not " shuck" his corn, 

 and keeps it always under cover. Breed, pure Berkshire, not bred close. 

 Loses no liogs by cholera. 



In conclusion I have to state that of other diseases affecting animals 

 in the States of Kansas and Nebraska, there were an unusually small 

 number, and only of those familiar to nearly every one. 



In giving a name to the disease known as " hog-cholera," I have no 

 hesitation in saying that the disease in the latter stages has all the 

 characteristics of gastro-enteric fever in man. 

 Very re^ectfully, your obedient servant, 



C. M. HINES, M. D. 



Osage Mission, EIans., October 29, 1878. 



PEEYALEKCE OF DISEASES AMONG DOMESTICATED ANI- 

 MALS. 



By a perusal of the subjoined correspondence of the department, it 

 wiU be seen that there has been no abatement of diseases among domesti- 

 cated animals during the current year. Those incident to swine seem 

 to have been quite as prevalent and almost as fatal and destructive to 

 the animals attacked as they were during the year 1877. The per cent, 

 of deaths for the last-named year was given at 58.91, while this year it 

 is given at 52.75. Now that the disease which has been so destructive to 

 this class of farm animals has been shown by recent investigations to be 

 highly infectious and contagious, proper care and vigilance on the part 

 of farmers and stock-growers will lessen the spread of the plague, and 

 confine it to such limits as to greatly reduce the heavj^ annual losses of 

 the past few years. 



Many diseases of a malignant and contagious character have pre- 

 vailed among other classes of farm animals the ijast year, which will 

 receive the attention of the department during the coming season. 



AI.ABAMA. 



Bihh County. — The losses from cholera among liogs are annually very heavy. At 

 least 40 per cent, of all the hogs in the county suffer Irom this disease, and 7,5 per cent, 

 of those attacked die. Cholei-a is also prevalent among fowls, and large numbers of 

 them (lie. 



Clarke. — A few horses annually die in this county of farcy, a fatal contagions disease, 

 and a Jew from want of care and proper attention, the latter mostly owned by negroes. 

 There seems to he no disease among stock-cattle. Both hogs and chickens die of 

 cholera. 



CuUma)i. — There is some murrain among cattle, and considerable cholera among the 

 hogs an<l chickens in this county. There is but little stock raised in the couutj'. 



EHcanih'ia. — The only class of farm stock atfccted by contagions diseases in this comity 

 is that of swine. These diseases have been a great drawback to hog-raising. 



Jefferson. — Horses suffer severely from distemper. Cattle are occasionally affected 

 with black tojigne and murrain, but at this time are unusually healthy. Hogs are 

 seriously affectcjl with cholera, quinsy, and other unknown diseases. The losses have 

 been veiy heavy this season. Cholera and roiipe prevail among fowls. 



