252 CONTAGIOUS LUNG FEVER OF CATTLE. 



liable to bo exposed to contagion and contract disease ; therefore, on their arrival at 

 home, they shonld be carefully inspected, and if they have passed throujjh an infected 

 district, they should be kept by themselves for some time. (See Rules 20 and 21.) 



5. When diseases of a contagions nature, or supposed to be of a contagious nature, 

 appear among cattle, the iirst important duty is to separate the sick from the healthy 

 animals. 



6. Carefully inspect all the animals, and remove to the hospital any showing the 

 slightest symptoms of disease. 



7. Divide the healthy cattle into several lots, making each lot as small in number 

 as space will permit. JPicket the cattle in such lots a good distance apart and to 

 ■windward of the sick cattle. Frequently inspect each lot, and remove at once any 

 animal in the least unwell. By steadily adopting this plan, the disease will be found 

 in a few days to exist only among one or two lots, and by at once removing to the 

 hospital any becoming sick, the disease will speedily be arrested in spreading through 

 the herd. Each lot should be kept isolated from other cattle for a period from four 

 to six weeks. 



8. The hos^iital to contain the diseased cattle should be inclosed by a strong fence 

 and isolated. The attendants and the sick cattle must not be permitted to leave the 

 isolated area. Food and water may be taken to the attendants and cattle, but no 

 forage, water, litter, clothing, or anything else should be taken from the hospital. 

 Dogs should not be allowed to go to and from the hospital, as they may carry con- 

 tagium to places where healthy stock may be. 



9. The dry litter, &g., of the hospital should be burnt inside the hospital area, and 

 the moist dung and discharges, &c., should be frequently removed from the stalls and 

 buried in jjits dug in the hospital i:)remises. These pits should be six feet or more 

 deep, and shonld be filled with the wet litter, dung, &c., of the hospital up to within 

 two feet of the surrounding ground surface, and then quicklime and good fresh earth 

 should be used to fill up the remaining two feet. 



10. The stalls, walls, &c., and ground of the hospital should be scrupulously cleaned 

 by frequent sweepings and washings, and after every cleansing disinfectants, lime, 

 ashes, or even dry earth, should bo plentifully scattered over the floors and ground, 

 and the wood-work and walls should be first washed and then whitewashed. 



11. The hospital should be well ventilated; sulphur fumigation should be daily 

 carried out for an hour or so in the hospital building, and at this time the doors and 

 windows may be closed and the ventilators only kept partly open. 



12. The constant biu'uiug of sufficient litter, opposite the doors or tho windward 

 side of the building, at seasons when flies are numerous and troublesome to cattle. 



13. The sick cattlo should be kept scrupulously clean, and have thin gruel and 

 fresh green grass in its season for diet. The healthy cattle should also bo kept on 

 laxative food, as cattle fed on hard dry food have the disease in a more severe form 

 than those fed on laxative fodder. 



14. When these contagious diseases have prevailed among cattle or sheep, they 

 should not be allowed to pasture, or to be kept with unaffected herds, until a month 

 or six weeks have expired after the last case of disease occurring among the affected 

 lot. 



15. Animals that recover should be well washed with warm water and soap prior 

 to being removed from the hospital, and, if obtainable, carbolic acid should be added 

 to the warm water in the proportion of one wineglassful of the acid to a gallon of warm 

 water. 



16. Carcasses of stock that die of rinderj^est, black-quarter, and other forms of an- 

 thi-ax fever, and pleuro-pneumonia, should be buried and covered with at least four 

 feet of earth. 



17. The hides of cattle that die of these contagious diseases should be either well 

 scored or slashed with a knife, thus destroying their value, and shoidd be then buried 

 with the carcasses. 



18. Tho surface of earth floors of stalls and ground on which cattle affected with 

 contagious diseases have been kept should be removed and bxiried, and the earth 

 below should be well dug up and turned over, and tho floor remade with fresh earth. 

 Brick and stone floors may be scraped, washed, and disinfected with quicklime or 

 carbolic acid. 



19. Poles of carts and harness, or saddlery, &c., used by animals affected with con- 

 tagious diseases, should be washed and disiiufected. 



20. The periods of incubation of rinderpest, black-quarter, and other forms of an- 

 thi'ax fever all believed to bo within twanty-eight days ; so a month has been named 

 as tho time for an animal supposed to navo been cxiiosed to the contagium of these 

 diseases to be kept isolated. 



21. Tho period of incubation of pleuro-pneumonia varies from two to six weeks, but 

 has been found, as a rule, to bo about forty days; so, Avhen cattle have been exposed 

 to tho contagium of this disease, they should bo kept isolated for forty-five days. 



