262 GLANDERS AND FARCY. 



reteriiinry surft'eon- general, who, at my solieitatiou, came immediately 

 and examined tlio animal. He did not pronounce it a clear case of glan- 

 ders, but doubted, at least liesitated. Tlie owner, however, consented 

 A-^oluntarily to have tlie horse killed. The j^ost mortem examination re- 

 vealed pulmonal glanders in a very advanced stage. A similar case, of 

 which 1 shall have to give a brief account in another chapter, I had an 

 opportunity to observe in ISGG, near Dixon, Lee county, Illinois. 



As the principal symptoms of pulmonal glanders are essentially, for 

 some length of time at least, only such as are also observed in common 

 cases of heaves (one of the most frequent disorders of horses), the diag- 

 nosis must Irequently be based, as a lawyer would say, upon circumstan- 

 tial evidence. 



A horse must be suspected of being affected with glanders, first, if the 

 peculiar, wealc, and drv cough constitutes, compared with the difficulty 

 of breathing, the predominating spnptom; if the animal becomes more 

 and more emaciated and hide-bound, and if the appearance of the coat 

 of hair is sucli as to indicate the presence of a cachectic disease. Sec- 

 ond, if it is known that the animal in question has been exposed to the 

 contagion. Third, if other horses have become affected with glanders 

 or farcy, after having been together with the animal that shows those 

 symptoms. Fourth, if a horse apparently affected with heaves has pre- 

 viously exhibited other symptoms, more or less characteristic or suspi- 

 cious, of glanders. Fifth, if other symi)toms, such as are observed in 

 so-called " nasal gleet," or incipient nasal glanders, make their appear- 

 ance. 



3. FAECY, OR EXTERNAL GLANDERS. 



The name "farcy" is given to such cases of glanders in which the 

 morbid process has its seat in, and immediately beneath, the sldn, and in 

 which nodules, boils (glanders-buboes), and ulcers of a very infectious 

 and chancrous character make their appearance in the subcutaneous 

 tissue, and in the skin itself. Glanders-nodules and lenticular ulcers in 

 the tissue of the skin, boils beneath the skin, smaller and larger open 

 ulcers penetrating tlie same, a strand-shaped swelling of the subcuta- 

 neous Ijinphatics, swelled IjTuiihatic glands, and oedemata, the latter 

 especially in the legs and on the head, constitute the most essential 

 symptoms. 



Professor Gerlach discriminates two forms : Subcutaneous glanders 

 or common farcy, and exanthemaitous glanders or skin ftircy. 



(a.) 8icbcnfaneous f/landei's or common farct/. — The morbid process in 

 this rather frequent disease has its principal seat in the subcutaneous 

 connective tissue, and in the lymphatic system of the skin and be- 

 tween the skin and the muscles, but especially on the inner side of the 

 hind legs, on the hps, on the neck, between the fore legs, and on all such 

 places wheic the skin is thin and fine. At first distinctly limited swell- 

 ings of an intlammatory character (incipient boils or glanders-buboes) 

 make their appearance in the subcutaneous tissue. These swellings or 

 boils soon commence to dissolve, or to decay, from within ; the ulcera- 

 tion begins in the center, but the matter, being very corrosive, soon 

 works its way into tlie skin, the boil finally opens, and presents a 

 farcy-ulcer with a steatomatous bottom, and elevated, corroded, and in- 

 flamed borders. At the same time, or even before the Ibrmation of the 

 first ulcer has become completed, deleterious matter is absorbed by the 

 nearest lym];)hatics, and deposited in tlie ]ym]>hati(; glands. The Ibr- 

 yr.QT, in consequence, swell to hard and ])laiuly visible cords or strands, and 

 the latter to painfal and distinctly limited tumors. The partial or total 



