GLANDEES AND FARCY. 273 



other part of the nasal mucous membrane. If glanders has become 

 comi^licated with inflammation, the whole process, as has already been 

 mentioned, is entirely different. In farcy, too, in which the morbid 

 changes have their seat in the loose subcutaneous connective tissue, the 

 abscesses are formed in a somewhat different way. 



The infectiousness of the neoplastic products of glanders constitutes 

 a specific and pathognomonic attribute of the same, which excludes 

 identification with any other otherwise similar neoplastic or morbid 

 products. The same specific agency, or the same virus, which is instru- 

 mental in communicating the disease from one animal to another, consti- 

 tutes also the cause which spreads the morbid process within the organ- 

 ism of the affected animal.' The efiiciency does not seem to be dependent 

 upon any particular shape or form of the morbid products, but to be 

 inherent in the material, because not only the live glanders-cells, but 

 also the dead or decayed ones, the granulated and cheesy detritus, and 

 the watery transudations are infectious. The immediate changes pro- 

 duced by a local infection within the tissue, or the creeping of the morbid 

 process trom cell to cell, can be seen only under the microscope. If the 

 glanders-process is not complicated, that is, if no other disease is exist- 

 ing, the spreading of the morbid process, or the progress of the local 

 infection, is a very slow one, but is accelerated or becomes rapid if a com- 

 phcation sets in. The morbid process, however, spreads not only by 

 means of a direct infection from cell to cell, but also by means of the 

 lymphatics, which absorb infectious elements and deposit the same in 

 the nearest lymphatic glands. That this is the case becomes evident if 

 an animal is inoculated, with glanders-virus. The lym])hatics proceed- 

 ing from the inocidation wound soon commence to swell like strands or 

 chords, and undergo not seldom ulcerous decay. The lymphatic glands, 

 too, commence to s^v^eU to solid and i)ainful tumors which afterwards 

 become harder and firmer, but less painful. A morbid x)roduction of 

 connective tissue causes the firmness of the swelling, and usually ren- 

 ders such a diseased gland impervious to a further passage of the con- 

 tents (lymph and infectious glanders elements) of the lymphatics, and 

 prevents, therefore, a further spreading of the infection. If, however, 

 a lymi)hatic gland, thus degenerated, becomes finally itself a seat of the 

 neoplastic glanders process, or of the production of glanders-cells, the 

 lymphatics which pass from that gland to another one will also absorb 

 infectious material, and cause thereby a further spreatling of the infec- 

 tion and of the morbid i^rocess. In nasal glanders, a swelling of the 

 submaxillary lymphatic glands (which receive dnectly through the 

 lymphatic vessels the lymph from the seat of the morbid process), im- 

 attended with any affection whatever of the lymphatics beyond them, is 

 a very frequent occurrence. Hence the spreading of the morbid j)rocess 

 by means of the lymphatics is also usuallj^ a slow oue in chronic gland- 

 ens; several months may elapse before a new source of infection is 

 formed. The spreading, however, will be a comparatively rapid one in 

 all cases of glanders iu Avhich a complication with another destructive 

 or acute disease, as an intiammatory i)rocess, has taken place. The 

 morbid process is also apt to spread more rapidly through the Ij^mphat- 

 ics in common farcy, iu Avhich loose connective tissue constitutes the 

 seat of the disease. Tlie riiorbid process of glanders, therefore, is in- 

 fectious ; a spreading of the .same is not only effected within the tissue 

 by a propagation of the glanders-cells, but also by means of the lym- 

 I)hatics "which absorb the virus and carry the same to the nearest 

 lymi)hatic glands, where the progress of the morbid process stops, if 

 the latter arc degenerated by an excessive j)roductiou of counectivQ 

 18 sw 



