2:>r. THK A.MKHKWX MONTHLY [St^pt., 



lions in aKuhol two or ihrrc linu's. o. I'our oil ihe iilcohol, 

 and cover tlir sections with an ulcoholio solution of iodine {ireen, 

 (1 percent) ancl allow to stand for 15 minutes. (». Pour oil" the 

 iodine green, and a^ain rinse the si'ctions in about two clian«j:es 

 of alcohol, or until the carmine is clear. 7. Tour oil' the alcohol, 

 and cover the sections with oil of cloves, and wiicn clear mount 

 in balsam. Borax-carmine ishy far the best stain for all botan- 

 ical purposes with very few exceptions. The only other stain 

 refpiired. is tliat of loirwood. With these two stains and a judic- 

 ious use of hydrochloric-acid, ncarl)* every phase of permanent 

 staining can be eflected. 



TO DKCOLOR AND CL.\inFV. 



It is sometimes necessary to decolor tissue lor the purpose of 

 showing structure that could not otherwise be seen, viz., iructi- 

 fication of ferns, mos.ses, capsules, etc. To do this manipulate 

 as follows: — 



1. Place the specimen as soon as ))ossible after collectini; into 

 *.)2 per cent alcohol, and allow it to stand until the chlorophyll, 

 etc., is all extracted. 2. Pour olf the alcohol, and place the 

 specimen in water to relax for about 30 minutes. 8. Pour oil' 

 the water, and jilace in jtotash solution, ami allow to remain uii" 

 til clear. 4. I'our oil' the potash solution, and cover with water, 

 allow it to stand for about 30 minutes, changing the water two 

 or three times, a. Pour oM" the water, and cover the 8])ecimen 

 with e(|ual parts of alcohol and pure glycerine. Allow it to 

 sUnul for the alcohol to evaporate. Py so doing the glycerine 

 will become concentrated and the tissue permeated ready 

 for mounting in either i)ure glycerine or glycerine-jelly. (». II' 

 it be desired to mount the object in balsam, pour ofTthe water 

 as in 5. and cover the specimen with 02 per cent alcohol, an<l 

 allow to sUiiid initil dehydrated. 7. Pour olY the alcohol, and 

 cover the specimen with oil of cloves, and when elenr jiKunit in 

 balsam. 



FORMUL.K. 

 NO. 1. IKKM.VTOXVl.lN (KLEINKNBEH(J)- 

 (a). Makea saturated solution of crystallized calcium ehloii h; 

 in 70 per cent alcohol, and saturate with alum. 



(b). Make a saturated .solution of alum in 70 percent alco- 

 hol, and add one part of Ta) to eight parts of i b). 



