Mr. Hodgson on the Mammalia and Birds of the Himalaya. 169 



ill the lower. In like manner, among the Partridges (Perd/cince), 

 the Gronse Partridges (Tetraopcnli.c) belong exclusively to the np])er 

 region ; theChnkors (^Caccabis) and the Tree Partridges {Arhoricola) 

 io the central ; and the Francolines (Froncoli/ms) to the lower, 

 though the black sjjecies of this last form are also found in the mid- 

 region. In the Pigeon group, the Blanched Pigeons (C. levconota) 

 belong solely to the upper region ; the Vinous Pigeons {C. Jlodysoni) 

 to the central, and the Green, the Golden, and the Banded {Treron, 

 Chulcophaim, Macropijyia), as entirely to the lower; the Trcrons 

 alone partially entering the central tract from the lower. 



"The splendid Edolian Shrikes {Chibia, Chaptia, Edolms) belong 

 exclusively to the lower region. They are replaced in the central 

 tract by plain Dicrnrines, and in the upper by plainer Lanians. The 

 Cotton Birds {Campephay(i) of the soutli are replaced by gaudy 

 Ampelines {Cochou) and Leiothricinians {Leiothrix, Pteruthius, 

 Cutiu) in the middle region : but both groups seem excluded from 

 the north. Among the Fly-catchers the gaudy or remarkable 

 species and forms belong wholly or chiefly to the lower region, as 

 Tchitrea, Rhipidura, Cri/ptolopha, Myiayra, Hemichelidon, Chelid- 

 orynx ; whilst those which ajiproach the Warblers (Niltava, Sij)hia, 

 Digenea) belong to the mid-region ; and the plainer and more Euro- 

 pean t>^es are alone f )und in the northern. 



" Among the Fissirosfres, Goat-suckers and Swallows are pretty 

 generally distributed ; but Hollers, Bee-eaters, Eurylaimi, Trogons, 

 and all such gaudy types, belong to the south, with only occasional 

 alpine representatives, as Jiucia is of Merop)s. The Tenuirostral 

 birds belong distinctively to the lower region. Yet they have repre- 

 sentatives or summer visitants in all three, even among the Sun- 

 birds. Upon the whole, however, it may be safely said that the 

 Sun-birds {Nectariniu) belong to the south ; the Iloney-suckers 

 (Mefiphayidce) to the centre and south ; and the Creepers, Nut- 

 hatches and Wrens*, to the north and centre. The Sylvians or 

 Warblers are too ubicpiitarian, or too migratory for our present pur- 

 pose, even Boreal types being common in the lower in the cold 

 weather. Horn-bills, Barbots, Parroquets (^Fald'ornis, Psitfacula^ 

 belong to the lower region, though they have a few representatives 

 in the central ; none in the upper. Woodpeckers abound in the 

 lower and central regions, but are rare in the u])per. Tiiie Cuckoos 

 (Cucidus) are as common and numerous in the central region as Walk- 

 ing Cuckoos (P/ia'/iicop/iaus, Ceutropus), Sec. are in the southern, 

 where also the Golden (Chrysoeoccyx) and Dicrurine Cuckoos (Pseiid- 

 or/iis) have their sole abode, whilst what few of the group belong to the 

 upper region, are all allied to the European type. The Ravens, Pies, 

 Choughs, Nut-crackers and Conostomes of the upjier region are re- 

 placed in the central region ])y Tree Viea (Cissa, Dendroc/tfo), Jays, 

 Rocket-birds {Psi/urhinus), Pie Thrushes (^Garrulax), Timalias, and 



* 1 have ill this |)a)>cr followed, without entirely approving, Mr. G. K. day's 

 rlassifieation of my collettion:^ in tlie printed Catalogue of the British Museum. 

 The geographic disliiliution is now attcnipled for the fust time. IJiit I will recur 

 to the subject iu a scpaiate paper devoted to it. 



