230 Mr. II. J. Carter im the Organizat'wn of Infusoria. 



wliirling motion, as if the bond of union were a mucous thread, 

 which couhl be only twisted olF in this manner. Two Euyleiue 

 viridrs may also sometimes be seen united by the intertwisting 

 of their tilaments only, just like the congress of two snails. 



All these unions appear very mueli like so many acts of con- 

 jugatiou ; but when we find Euijlypha as well as Arcella united, 

 not only in pairs, but tri|)ly and quadruply, in this way, and the 

 same with Ei/r/h'ua virii/is, the connexion of these plnenoniena 

 with reproduction, as Claparede has stated*, becomes " cxeced- 

 iiiu:ly doubtful ;" particularly as we have seen the spermatozoid 

 j^ranules developed from the nucleus and among the ovules ; and 

 this granular spermatozoid development, if it be one, does not 

 take place until after conjugation. At the same time, in one 

 group of Eughjplup, nothing but spermatozoids were developed, 

 while in another hardly anything but ovules appeared ; and it 

 was only here and there that both were found together; again, 

 in the larger variety o{ EugJyphn, the granules were developed in 

 a distinct a])paratus, and the ovules in the same manner as in 

 E. alveoluta, viz. in the posterior part of the body, outside the 

 capsule of the nucleus. 



Lastly, we come to the question whether or not these grannies 

 are spermatozoids \ That the ovules in Spongi/ia pass into poly- 

 morphic cells, I proved by experiment some years sineeti and 

 lately, 1 have repeated similar experiments, with the same results. 

 Moreover, I have seen the ovule of Eug I i/p ha in every stage, from 

 its first appearance in the test to the time when it has acquired 

 the power of putting forth rhizopodous prolongations (fig. 31), 

 after which the tests of very small Eiiff/j/pfia; presented them- 

 selves in the same basin, which did not appear before the parents 

 had died off and left their ovules to shift for themselves. Hence 

 this is one mode of propagation among the llhizopoda, whatever 

 the granules which we have provisionally called spermatozoids 

 may be. Then, also, it has often occurred to me to see circular 

 groups of spermatozoids undergoing disintegration or dehiscence 

 in the test of EaglypJta, while ovules were present, and granules 

 like the former swarming round the latter at the same time; as 

 well as granules of the same kind in Amoeba Gleichenii, where 

 the ovules have been far advanced in development. In Spon- 

 (jilla also similar granules abound in the transparent globular 

 sacs of the capsules which contain the ovules (figs. 37, 38) ; and 

 when the latter arc set free by forcibly bursting the former, 

 these little granules crowd round the large ovules so markedly 

 that I made this observation several years since|, when I little 



* Ann. & Mag. Nat. ILst. vol. xv, p. 286, 1855. 



t Mem. Inc. cif. X Idem, he cit. 



