Mr. II. J. Carter on the Organization of Infusoria. 245 



Fig. 38. Portion of contents of ditto more magnified : [a) largest ovule of 

 the group presenting the type of the whole, viz. that of a nearly 

 colourless cell within a transparent capsule ; {b) granules ; (c) ditto 

 in connexion with ovules ; (d) ovules without a granule. Largest 

 ovules l-30(JUth to l-2()UUth of an inch in diameter. 



Fig. 39. Series of ovules of Spongilla to show the different degrees of ap- 

 proximation of the granule. '6'J a'-c. Where the granule is ad- 

 herent to the margin ; (/) marginal view of ditto ; {d) when 

 adherent to the flat sui-face of the disk; [g) marginal view of 

 ditto ; ( ej two granules in connexion with one ovule ; (A) deve- 

 lopment of the ovule in connexion with a granule which appears 

 to open into the cavity of the capsule, within which the granular 

 sarcode is making its appearance ; (i) next stage of development, 

 in which the ovule has become slowly polymorphic and presents 

 a vesicula ; {k) when the polymorphism is more active ; (/) ditto, 

 ])resenting a cilium ; {m) granule (?) transformed into a monad 

 precisely like the " zoosperm." All these developments take place 

 in three to five days after the ovules have been pressed out of the 

 seed-like body into distilled water in a watch-glass. 



Fig. 40. Ovule of Spongilla in progress of development to show the pre- 

 sence of the external layer or diaphane extending from it in a 

 parabolic form. (It may here be asked, " what becomes of the 

 ' capsule ' which is originally so well defined ?" This line of de- 

 marcation between the diaphane and sarcode disappears as soon 

 as the ovule becomes polymorphic.) 



Fig. 41. Ovi-bearing sponge-cell, still polymorphic, from the seed-like 

 body at an early period, viz. before the capsule is formed. Sphe- 

 rical form l-70bth of an inch in diameter. 



Fig. 42. Form of a sponge-cell which exists in a layer around the young 

 uncapsuled seed-like body, and probably constructs the capsule. 



Fig. 43. Small sponge-cell with so-called " zoosperm " attached, from an 

 old piece of Spongilla. 



Fig. 44. Group of so-called "ferment-cells " from the juice {vulg. "toddy ") 

 of Cocos nucifera, under fermentation ; to contrast with the ap- 

 parent budding development of the ovule of Spongilla : (a) va- 

 cuoles which abound in all these cells. Largest, circular cells 

 1 -2000th of an inch in diameter. 



Astasia limpida, Duj., previous to the formation of ovules: 

 (a) molecular sarcode ; {b) nucleus ; (cj vesicula ; {d) buccal tube 

 or proboscis ; (e) position of anal orifice (?). Length about l-438th 

 of an inch. 



Ditto, filled with discoid ovules, of which few are ever found so 

 large as the largest of Spongilla ; they are generally about 

 l-dOOOth of an inch in diameter : (o) more magnified view of 

 ovule showing its cajjsuled character. 



Ditto, containing spherical granuliferous cells like those of Jma?6a 

 and Euglypha. Ovules atrophied as in Crumenula texta under 

 similar (?) circumstances (see Annals, vol. xvii. pi. 9. figs, 11-13): 

 (a) granuliferous cell more magnified. 



Ditto, with a botryoidal development (of the nucleus?) of similar 

 cells : (a) bunch more magnified. 



Euglena viridis in conjunction previous to the formation of 

 ovides : (a) position of nucleus and capsule ; {b) vesicula ; 

 (c) red body ; (d) molecular sarcode. Length of largest indi- 

 viduals 1 -200th of an inch. 



