fi'om the Kingdom of Nepal. 449 



known for its aromatic capsules, and for the thick prickly clubs 

 used by fakirs (mendicants), is the Xanthoxijlon hostile of Royle 

 (A', alatum of Koxb. iii. 768, and A. acanthopodium, DC), called 

 Timiir and Zejbal, the last expressive of its strong pungency. 

 It seems to be the Jwarautika, ' fever-ender,^ of the Sanscrit. 

 It is ())erhaps erroneously) referred to X. aromaticum, a West 

 Indian species, in the Illustrated Catalogue of the Great Exhibi- 

 tion of 1851, ii. 895. There is a new species flourishing in 

 shadier and loftier sites in Kumaon, which i\Ir. Edgeworth pro- 

 poses to call A^. tomentosum ; of this the native name is Simur ; 

 it has similar properties. The arboreous species mentioned 

 by Dr. Hamilton may be X. Budrumja of Roxburgh, of which 

 the capsules are of a warm spicy nature, with the fragrance of 

 lemon-peel. Toddalia jloriburtda, Wall., and another species of 

 Xanthoxylon are natives of Nepal ; and Tetrodium cymosum and 

 fraxinifolium (Royle, 157) may be from Lower Nepal. 



Padam chhal " is a plant with a thick cylindrical root that is 

 used in medicine, and brought to the low country for that pur- 

 pose. The specimen that I procured had one large heart-shaped 

 rough leaf, and had somewhat the appearance of an Anemone^' 

 (p. 100). The name signifies ^bark of the Locus,^ and, accord- 

 ing to my Nepalese authority, belongs to some species of Rheum, 

 probably R. Emodi, or Webbianum, or both, the roots of w^hich 

 have "a spongy texture" (Royle) resembling the Lotus. 



Sied burrooa : Daphne papyrifera, Ham. pp. 85, 232 ; pro- 

 perly written Seta-baruwa, i. e. White Baruwa. The shrub 

 abounds in the temperate districts of the Himalaya ; and the 

 paper made from its bark, though coarse, is not touched by in- 

 sects. " The bark is exceedingly strong and pliable, and seems 

 to be the same with certain tape-like bandages employed by the 

 Chinese in tying many of their parcels." 



Sinkauri, Silkauli : the leaves, Tejpat. " Both its bark and 

 leaves have a fine aromatic smell and taste, and this quality in 

 the leaves is strengthened by drying" (p. 84). Cinnamomum 

 albijiorum ; Laurus Suncaurium, Ham., Linn. Trans, xiii. 557; 

 C. Cussida, Don, Prod. 67. Another Sinkauri is distinguished by 

 its aromatic quality residing in the bark of the roots. Dr. Hamil- 

 ton received it from the mountains of Morang, the tract between 

 the rivers Kosi and Tista. In the Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 558, 

 he describes this plant as Lawus Sailyaiia : "vis aromatica tota 

 in radicis cortice posita. Hie autem cortex Ifevis, colore lateri- 

 tius, odoratissimus, sapore grato aromaticus. Cortex ramorum 

 et folia insipida, inodora." Nees von Escnbeck (in W all. PI. As. 

 Rar. ii. 73—75) identifies it as Cinnamomum ulhijlorum /3, very 

 near C. Tamula, 'Taj' Bengalensium, cultivated in the gardens 

 of Camrup. 



Ann. 6)- Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 2. Vol. xviii. 29 



