1894.] MICROSCOPICAL JOURNAL. 7 



Only Nos. 1-6, 11, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 occur in fer- 

 menting beer-wort ; No. 14 is considered no distinct 

 species. As a general rule, the protoplasm of the culti" 

 vated forms become aggregated on the gypsum ; the 

 spore-forming cells often form the so-called "partition- 

 walls " or simply " walls " dividing the cell into 2-5 

 (generally only three) divisions, each of which contains 

 a spore. This«was never seen in the other forms among 

 which S. anomalus partly figures as an exception by 

 having half- formed spores (see Fig. 2 d). The wall con- 

 sists of protoplasm pressed in between the spores, or 

 there is a genuine wall which divides the mother-cell 

 into two or more parts and changes it into a kind of 

 sporangium or ascus.* Both cells and spores contain a 

 nucleus. 



THE HANSEN CULTURE BOX. 



This box was mentioned by the writer at the Madison 

 meeting of the A. A. A. S., in August, 1893. The box is 

 rectangular (see Fig. 3), with panes in top and in the 

 four sides. The bottom should be made of heavy, hard 

 wood (hickory or pine), as it must not bend when mois- 

 tened. In front a sliding door is fitted in tightly. This 

 door can be placed in diiferent positions, as the figure 

 shows, allowing a bigger or smaller opening in front. 

 About ten minutes before being used this box is washed 

 carefully in and outside with a one per cent sol. of cor- 

 rosive sublimate (Hg. CI.), and closed. After a while the 



or to Pasteur (1876) ; '■' jyure yeast, in the sense of Pasteur, means yeast free 

 from bacteria and moulds, while, in the sense of Hansen, it means yeast free 

 from infection of icild forms. Hansen's methods of pure cultures, and his 

 system of "pure yeast " is now commanding the attention of physiologists 

 as well of practical brewei-s, as it has been introduced in the leading breweries 

 all the world over. 



*The formation of spores here and in the Phycomycetes (Saprolegnia, Mueor, 

 etc.) are different phenomena. Here, we have a free cell -formation the nature 

 of which is partly unknown. (See DeBary, Comparative Morph. and Biol., 

 p. 74, 268-9, 1887). 



