of a Leopard, Bear, and other Animals, 187 



entirely as if by attrition^ while the upper part, or that co- 

 vered by enamel, has suffered but slightly. In a word they 

 seem to have been subjected to the same mechanical action 

 as the tooth of the Leopard. 



Newbourn is a village on the west side of the estuary of 

 the Deben, and about six miles S.W. from Woodbridge. In 

 the large pit of red crag at the northern extremity of the vil- 

 lage (Mr. Wolton's pit) the crag presents its ordinary cha- 

 racter of a purely marine deposit, containing the usual shells, 

 in great part comminuted. But the horizontal strata are tra- 

 versed to the depth of about thirty feet by numerous fissures, 

 which are from a few inches to a foot or more in width, and 

 are filled principally with the detritus of red crag in which 

 numerous fragments of shells are still preserved. Some of 

 these rents terminate downwards, coming to a point, with no 

 signs of fracture below. As at present our information sim- 

 ply extends to the fact that the Leopard's tooth was picked 

 up together with those of fishes in this pit, it might be sug- 

 gested that the mammalian relic was possibly derived from the 

 contents of one of the fissures, the filling of which was an 

 event certainly posterior and perhaps long subsequent to the 

 aera of the deposition of the crag. 



It is well known that teeth of the cave hyaena were found 

 near Maidstone, in Kent, in a rent traversing the limestone 

 called Kentish Rag, and it was not till many years afterwards 

 that any other teeth or bones of quadrupeds were discovered 

 in the superficial deposits of the same district. 



Mr. Searles Wood, to whom I communicated the result of 

 Mr. Owen's examination of the Newbourn fossil, lost no time 

 in carefully examining a large collection of fossil teeth from 

 Newbourn, belonging to the Rev. Edward Moore, of Bealings, 

 near Woodbridge. They belong chiefly to the fishes usually 

 found in the Red Crag, but Mr. Wood selected from among 

 them some which he supposed to be mammalian. Mr. Owen, 

 After an attentive comparison of these, has been able to refer 

 them to a Bear, Hog, and a large Ruminant of the size of the 

 red deer. 



The following are the notes on these specimens with which 

 I have been favoured by Mr. Owen : — 



