188 Mr. Lyell on Fossil Teeth in the Suffolk Crag. 



" 1. Bear. — The crown of the tooth of a species of Ursus. 

 It is the antepenultimate molar, right side, upper jaw. The fos- 

 sil indicates a species about the size of the common European 

 bear, but not identical with that or any other existing species. 

 It is smaller than the two large species of bear from the Ger- 

 man bone caverns. I have not the means of comparing it 

 with the smaller extinct species described by Goldfuss. 



" 2. Hog. — The external incisor of a young Hog : the tooth 



Fig. 2. 



Recent. Fossil. 



Incisor of Hog. 



a a. View of tooth from the inside. b b. View of tooth from the outside. 



belongs to the lower jaw, right side, and very closely resem- 

 bles the corresponding tooth of a young wild boar. (See fig. 2.) 



" 3. Ruminant. — Fragments of a fractured molar of a Ru- 

 minant as large as the red-deer.'^ 



The fossil teeth above described, like the tooth of the leo- 

 pard, are all of them more or less broken and worn. We 

 know not whether they were procured from the fissures or 

 the regular strata of the large Newbourn pit, but I confess 

 that, judging from their appearance, I incline to the opinion 

 that they are all of the age of the red crag. They seem to have 

 imdergone precisely the same process of trituration, and to have 

 been impregnated with the same colouring matter, as some of 

 the associated bones and teeth of fishes which w^e know to have 

 been derived from the regular strata of red crag. Had these 

 mammalian remains been simply washed into fissures formed 

 subsequently, we might have expected them to be in a differ- 

 ent state from the crag fossils. It is true that in the forma- 

 tion last mentioned, throughout its range in the counties of 

 Suffolk and Essex, no vestige of a terrestrial quadruped had 

 previously been met with ; but I may remind the reader that 

 Mr. Wood found in the red crag of Butley, about seven miles 

 north-east of Newbourn, a single specimen of a freshwater 



