COLUMBIA COUNTY. 193 



Stores, &c. Population about 100. This place is upon the 

 decline. Incorporated in 1826. 



Wrightsborough is on Town creek, 16 miles from Appling. 

 It was settled before the Revolution by a colony of Quakers, 

 under the direction of Joseph Mattock, who had obtained for 

 himself and followers a tract of land embracing 40,000 acres. 

 It was named after Sir James Wright, formerly Governor of 

 Georgia. 



Raysville is on Little river, 10 miles from Appling. 



Religious Sects, Education. — The Baptists and Metho- 

 dists are the most numerous. Rev. Daniel Marshall, with 

 other Baptist emigrants, settled on the Kiokee creek about 

 1770. Mr. Marshall immediately commenced preaching, and 

 in a short time a church was constituted, the first Baptist 

 church formed in Georgia. There are a few Presbyterians, 

 Universalists, and Roman Catholics in the county. There is 

 not as much interest taken in the schools of the county as 

 formerly. Common schools are in most of the settlements. 

 Carmel academy, for some years under the supervision of the 

 celebrated Dr. Waddel, was located about 2^ miles from Ap- 

 pling. J. C. Calhoun, W. H. Crawford, and T. W. Cobb were 

 pupils in this academy. 



Manufactures, Mills. — One wool-carding establishment, 

 three or four merchant mills, one steam saw-mill, nine saw- 

 mills, and ten grist-mills. 



Face of the Country, Nature of the Soil, Average Va- 

 lue OF Land. — The face of the country is broken. The lands 

 formerly were very productive, but have been injured by im- 

 prudent cultivation. The lands on the rivers and creeks are 

 fertile, peculiarly adapted to corn and cotton. The lands bor- 

 dering on Warren and Richmond are sandy. The average 

 value of land is about $5. per acre. 



Productions. — The chief productions are cotton and corn. 



Early Settlers. — Rev. Mr. Marshall, Joel Cloud, Peter 

 Crawford, Joseph Mattock, Thomas White, William Smith, 

 Perry Wilson, John Appling, Nathan Jones, Jesse Bull, W. 

 Maxbary, and the Few, Gibson, Evans, Jennings, Ramsey, 

 and other families. 



Climate, Diseases, Longevity. — The climate is mild. In 



