280 GLYNN COUNTY. 



is only resorted to in order to produce new varieties, or as 

 stocks for grafting, as the fruit from seedlings, although yield- 

 ing an oil of a more delicate and higher flavour, is usually 

 very small. Grafting improves the quality of the fruit ; but 

 is not so generally resorted to as propagation by suckers and 

 cuttings. The last is the most practised. Limbs from an 

 inch to an inch and a half in diameter, are cut in lengths of 

 from twelve to fifteen inches. Trenches five feet apart and 

 six to eight inches deep being prepared, the cuttings are 

 placed in them, about eighteen inches apart, and in an oblique 

 position, so that when the earth is filled in, from one to two 

 inches will remain above the ground. On the exposed end a 

 little gardener's cement should be smeared, to exclude the 

 water ; and over the whole some moss or loose sand is drawn, 

 for some time, to diminish the evaporation. In dry weather 

 the cuttings should occasionally be watered, until they have 

 taken root. Until the third year nothing more is required 

 than to cultivate among the young plants, and to trim them to a 

 single stem. When three years old, the young trees should be 

 planted out in the usual way, at distances of from thirty to 

 forty-eight feet. The holes should be made large and deep, 

 and had better be dug several months before the trees are put 

 out. The subsequent cultivation consists in removing the 

 suckers, trimming out the dead wood, in manuring moderately 

 once in three or four years, digging around the roots annually, 

 and in ploughing once a year the intervals, unless a crop of 

 grain is cultivated among them. Much difference of opinion 

 exists in France, on the subject of pruning ; but unless it is 

 deemed desirable to keep the trees low for the facility of 

 gathering the fruit, or to diminish the risk of their being blown 

 down by high winds, all that appears to be necessary is to re- 

 move the decayed wood, and to keep the head of the tree mo- 

 derately open, for the free admission of light and heat. With 

 us, the liability to severe gales of wind, will recommend low 

 trimming : and the same evil will probably lead to the practice 

 of grafting on seedling stocks, the tap root of which will in- 

 sure the stability of the future tree. From cuttings, in thin 

 soils, the roots will be too superficial for safety. 



" The manufacture of this oil is extremely simple ; and re- 



