PASTURE AND SOILING CROPS. 169 



wanted for shelter as soon as possible. It is ad- 

 \-isable to plant the trees about twenty-five feet 

 apart, so that the whole surface of the soil will be 

 shaded and kept cool in the summer. 



In addition to alfalfa and red clover for soiling, Additional 

 other crops may be grown for summer feeding while *" "*^ '°**^' 

 green, as a succulent food. It is essential to have a 

 sufficient supply of green food in order to get the best 

 results from all animals, including pigs, lambs, 

 calves, and especialh' milch cows. Peas and oats 

 and vetches and oats make an excellent mixture. 

 Fifty pounds of peas or vetches and thirty pounds of 

 oats (eighty pounds in all) should be sown to the 

 acre. 



Sow one or two acres early in spring and a second 

 sowing three or four weeks later. If this is more 

 than is required for feeding green it can be cured for 

 winter feeding. 



Near the end of ^la}" one or two acres of sweet 

 com can be sown, and kept thoroughly cultivated 

 for the same purposes. This should yield fifteen 

 tons per acre of a succulent food of the best quality. 



Dwarf Essex rape is also a desirable soiling crop. 

 One or two acres of this may be sown beginning of 

 June in drills twenty-six inches ^vide, and thoroughl}' 

 cultivated. All animals are ver\' fond of rape, and 

 when mixed with other foods it gives the best results. 

 All soiling crops should be grown convenient to the 

 stables. For sheep, calves and pigs it is advisable 

 to have a separate permanent pasture near the bam. 

 See Diagram 54. For shelter, pigs require, in 

 addition to a group of maple trees, a building to go 

 into at will. 



