CARK AXn FEEDING OE LIVE STOCK. 



185 



Fly-oa. 



the average results will be about half the usual quan- 

 tity. Some of the more nervous cows will not give 

 one-fourth the usual quantity of milk, and, accord- 

 ing to analysis, there is less butter fat in the milk. 

 Any farmer who will abuse his animals, or allow them 

 to be abused, had better go out of the business. He 

 cannot expect to get returns for the food consumed. 



Cattle must be kept free from vermin during Preparation of 

 the winter. They should be treated with about 

 three applications of seal oil (fish oil) and crude 

 carbolic acid, mixed, one gallon of the former and 

 live tablespoonfuls of the carbolic acid. Apply by 

 either spraying or with an ordinary cattle brush, 

 rubbing the cattle over the body. For about three 

 months during the summer, when the horn fly is 

 annoying the cattle, apply the above mixture once a 

 week and the fly will not trouble them. Cattle 

 which have been treated for the horn fly in summer 

 with this preparation are not aff'ected with warbles 

 in winter. 



In considering the comfort of the animals, a 

 consideration which is essential to success is pro- 

 tection from the hot summer sun. They may be 

 kept in the house during the heat of the day. This, 

 of course, is attended with some additional labor. , 

 Such labor can be avoided by having several groups 

 of maple and other trees, a quarter of an acre or 

 more in extent, on rising portions of the farm. Trees 

 planted about twenty feet apart give excellent 

 shelter to the cattle, besides being ornamental. The 

 advantage of having the trees grouped is that the 

 sun cannot shine in to heat the ground, and when 

 on rising ground there is usually a current of fresh air. 



Single trees scattered over a farm giv^e little 

 shelter, and standing in growing crops they are a 

 decided injury to the crop. 



Shelter in 

 Summer. 



Scattered 



Trees 



Objectionable. 



