112 AGRICULTURAL LABOR 



20. What records have been made by our immigrant farm colonies? Show 



the economic, social, and civic significance of the different nationalities. 



21. The life of the farm laborer has what social advantages and disadvantages? 



22. What six States show no loss in rural population in the decade 1900-1910? 



QUESTIONS SUGGESTED BY THE TEXT 



1. Formulate a plan for meeting the seasonal requirements of agriculture for 



labor. Is it possible to coordinate this demand with the city's seasonal 

 demand? 



2. To what extent should we endeavor to abolish the problem of seasonal 



demand for labor by diversification of crops and smaller sized farms? 



3. Is the I. W. W. movement in agriculture a cause or an effect of pathological 



conditions in agriculture? Discuss this movement carefully, both as a 

 symptom and as a cause. Suggest remedies, both suppressive and con- 

 structive. Criticise the position taken by the South Dakota farmers on 

 this subject. 



4. Show to what extent farm labor (in the old sense) is now being done in 



cities, and the social significance of this condition. (E.g., manufacture 

 of the farmer's food, clothes, implements, supplies, etc.) 



5. Why should three New England States show no loss in rural population, 



1900-1910, while all the neighboring States showed such a loss? 



6. "The farm labor problem is a problem of transportation and distribution." 



Debate. 



7. Complete the table in the Appendix of this chapter. 



REFERENCES 



1. COULTER, JOHN LEE: "Agricultural Laborers in the United States," 

 Annals, March, 1912. 



2. CANCE, A. C.: "Immigrant Rural Communities," Annals, March, 1912. 



3. HOAGLAND, H. E.: "Journal of Political Economy," Vol. 20, pp. 913- 

 927. 



4. HOURWICH, ISAAC A.: "Immigration and Labor." 



5. Labor Bulletin 72, United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Sept., 1907. 

 G. Report of the United States Industrial Commission, Washington, 



1898-1902, Vol. X. 



7. Board of Agriculture and Fisheries, Report on Migration from Rural 

 Districts in England and Wales. London, 1913. 



8. Daily Consular and Trade Reports, Washington, July 12, 1913, p. 238. 



9. New York State Boys' Working Reserve Circular No. 1. New York 

 State Food Commission, Albany, March, 1918. 



10. WILCOX, E. V.: " Plan of the Department of Agriculture for Handling 

 the Farm Labor Problem." Am. EC. Review, March, 1918, 158-171. 



11. BARNES, C. B.: "Employment and the Labor Market." Am. EC. 

 Review, March, 1918, 171-177. 



12. SEAGER, H. R. : " Coordinating Federal, State and Municipal Employ- 

 ment Bureaus." Am. EC. Review, March, 1918, 141-147. 



13. Discussions of above three papers by App, Willard, Barnett, Billings, 

 Wileman, Lescohier. Am. EC. Review, March, 1918, 177-194. 



14. OSBORN, CHAS F.: "Methods of Meeting the Demand for Labor." 

 Monthly Review, U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Sept., 1917. 



15. LEISERSON, W. M.: "Mobilizing and Destributing Farm Labor in 

 Ohio." Monthly Review, U. S. Bureau Labor Statistics, April, 1918. 



