EXAMPLES FROM OTHER LANDS 31 



In respect to dairies it might be mentioned that, in 

 addition to the 1,157 co-operative, there were 238 com- 

 mercial, and 90 estate, dairies. Out of 183,313 holdings, 

 with 1,282,254 cows, in Denmark, 154,568 holdings, with 

 1,059,956 cows, were associated with the co-operative 

 dairies. 



About 880 dairies, mostly of the co-operative type, have 

 combined to form twenty-one unions for the development 

 of the industry through lectures, exhibitions, and other 

 means ; and twenty of the twenty-one unions have formed 

 two federations which, in agreement with the union not 

 connected with either, have appointed a committee to 

 watch over common interests. The dairy unions also 

 appoint " juries " of experts to test the milk supplied and 

 endeavour to keep up its quality. 



Some 840 of the dairy societies were, in 1909, affiliated 

 to a Collective Purchase Federation formed in 1901 to 

 enable the Danish dairies to obtain their machinery and 

 other requisites under the most favourable conditions. 

 The business done by this federation in 1909 amounted to 

 105,000. 



For the export of butter there are federations of dairies 

 whose officers devote themselves to the sale of butter 

 independently of middlemen. There were, in 1909, six of 

 these federations, operating on account of 225 co-operative 

 dairies, and the business done by them amounted to about 

 1,758,000. 



Almost all the butter exported comes to the United 

 Kingdom. The total quantity we received from Denmark 

 in 1911 was over 85,000 tons, valued at 10,500,000. 



How the co-operative bacon factories have increased in 

 number and in the amount of business done by them may 

 be shown thus : 



NUMBER OF NUMBER OF PIGS 



YEAR. FACTORIES. SLAUGHTERED. 



1888 .. .. .. i 23,400 



1890 . . . . 10 147,500 



1900 . . . . 26 675,200 



1909 .32 1,362,500 



