54 AGRICULTURAL ORGANISATION 



the result of enquiries made in connection with the Census 

 of Production Act, 1906 the number of persons permanently 

 employed, throughout the year, on the farms of Great 

 Britain only, and excluding all holdings of one acre or less, 

 is given for 1908 as 1,673,000, divided into 500,000 occupiers 

 and 1,173,000 permanent labourers. In addition to this 

 total, however, one must take into account the considerable 

 number of persons temporarily employed at various seasons 

 of the year, as pickers or otherwise. The number of 

 " hoppers," for instance, is estimated at 161,000. 



Large, again, as are the figures in regard to the number of 

 those " employed on agriculture," as such, one must further 

 bear in mind that there is a wide range of subsidiary 

 industries whose workers would not be classed under the 

 head of " agriculture," though in supplying agricultural 

 implements and machinery, fertilisers, feeding stuffs and 

 other requisites, they are, from the industrial standpoint, 

 no less concerned in agriculture, and are no less living on 

 agriculture, than the farm occupiers and the permanent 

 labourers themselves. If, also, we add to those who are 

 thus engaged, directly or indirectly, in the production of 

 agricultural necessaries the further classes concerned in the 

 distribution of such necessaries when they have been pro- 

 duced, we shall see that the interests involved in the agri- 

 cultural industry as a whole, and in the widest sense of the 

 term, are practically illimitable in their extent. 



AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION. 



In the Board of Trade Report already mentioned the total 

 " output " of the agricultural land of Great Britain in 1908 

 is stated to be 150,800,000. This figure, however, repre- 

 sents the value at market prices of products sold off the farms 

 for consumption, the actual " sales " thus dealt with not 

 including crops grown for the feeding of stock or for main- 

 taining the fertility of the land. The total value, for 

 example, of " farm crops " actually grown in 1908 is 



