10 THE FARMER AT HOME. 



to the extent of fifty per cent. in cider and ales ten per cent. and 

 in beer six per cent. 



ALDER. The alder is a tree which grows in wet situations, and 

 is distinguished for its flowering stalks being branched. The roots and 

 knots furnish beautifully veined wood, nearly of the color of maho- 

 gany, and well adapted to cabinet work. The bark may well be used 

 in the operations of tanning and leather dressing. " It is also some- 

 times used, together with the young twigs, for dyeing, and yields dif- 

 ferent shades of yellow and red. With the addition of copperas it 

 yields a black dye. The Laplanders chew the bark of the alder, and 

 dye their leather garments red with the saliva thus produced. 



THE ALDERNEY COW. 



ALDERNEY CATTLE. The cattle called by this name, on 

 come accounts deserve distinct notice. They are of French origin, 

 either from the continent or French islands adjacent to the Con- 

 tinent ; but receiving this name from the English island in the 

 British Channel, called Alderney. These cattle mostly prevail in 

 Hampshire, along the coast in the south-west part of England. They 

 are generally of a mingled white and sandy red, or fawn color ; 

 the latter being mostly disposed in large, abrupt patches. In form 

 they are of small size and awkwardly shaped the neck thin, bones 

 small, high shoulders, and short rump. They are a variety of the 

 short-horns, and are sometimes, but not generally, called Normandy 

 cattle. 



