THE FARMER AT HOME. 155 



formed for a temperate climate ; for it is never found in Russia, and 

 very rarely in the forests of Sweden, or in any other northern coun- 

 try, and as the fallow-deer is less savage, more delicate, and, indeed, 

 it may be added, more domestic than the stag, it is likewise subject to 

 a greater number of varieties Besides the common deer, and the 

 white deer, we know of several other kinds still; and the deer of 

 Spain, for example, which are always as large as stags, but whose 

 neck is more slender, whose color is more obscure, and whose tail is 

 rather black than white underneath, and longer than that of the 

 common deer ; the deer of Virginia, which are almost as large as 

 those of Spain ; other deer, whose forehead is compressed and flat- 

 tened between the eyes, whose ears and tail are longer than those of 

 the common deer, and of whose hind legs the hoofs are marked with 

 a white spot ; and others, which are spotted or streaked with white, 

 black, and yellow ; and others still, which are entirely black. The 

 horns of the buck, like those of the stag, are shed every year, and take 

 nearly the same time for repairing. 



It frequently happens, that a herd of fallow-deer is seen to divide 

 into parties, and to engage each other with great ardor. Each seems 

 desirous of gaining some favorite spot of the park for pasture, and of 

 driving the vanquished party into the coarser and more disagreeable 

 parts. Each of these factions has its particular chief, namely the 

 oldest and the strongest of each herd. These lead on to the engage- 

 ment ; and the rest follow under their direction. Their combats are 

 singular enough, from the disposition and conduct by which their 

 mutual efforts seem to be regulated. They attack with order, and 

 support and assault with courage ; they come to the assistance of 

 each other ; they retire, they rally, and never yield the victory upon 

 a single defeat. The combat is renewed every day, till at length the 

 most feeble side is obliged to give way, and is content to escape to the 

 most disagreeable part of the park, where alone they can find safety 

 and protection. The fallow-deer may easily be brought to live in 

 stables, and seems to acquire an affection for the horse. One which 

 was kept at Newmarket in England, used to delight in galloping 

 round the course with the racers while the jockeys were exercising 

 them. 



FANNING MILL. This is a contrivance employed for separa- 

 ting, by an artificial current of air, the chaff from the grain, after it 

 has been threshed out of the straw. The importance of this contri- 

 vance must be appaient to every one who has seen the slow and tedi- 

 ous process of a separation without the aid of a Fanning Mill, where 

 perhaps the farmer would have to wait day after day, subsequent to 

 the threshing of his grain, before he could have the benefit of natural 

 breezes to effect it ; and, even when Boreas seemed propitious to his 

 wishes, the operation was painfully protracted. All know the winds, 

 like the passions of man, are fickle in the extreme ; one moment rapid 



