228 T-HE FARMER AT HOME. 



passage of the bile of various kinds, and is often suddenly induced by 

 a violent fit of passion, or more slowly by long continuance of melan- 

 choly and painful emotions. 



The jaundice also attacks horses and cattle, and sometimes be- 

 comes quite intractable and dangerous. It is usually occasioned by 

 some obstruction in the ducts and tubes which convey the bile from 

 the liver to the intestines. The disease is easily detected by the yel- 

 lowness of the eyes and mouth, and of the skin generally ; the urine 

 is high colored, and the appetite is impaired. In the ox or cow, the 

 disease is more difficult of management, and more frequently proves 

 fatal, than in the horse. Bleeding and purgatives are required ; but 

 for the purgative Epsom salts are to be preferred to any other. Some 

 have recommended as a certain cure for this disease, when taken in 

 season, two ounces of flour of mustard, mixed with some liquid, and 

 given twice in twenty-four hours. As all animals are more liable to 

 be attacked in Spring, than at other times, it proves that green food 

 of some kind is essential to their health, and it is probable that roots 

 will be one of the most effectual preventives of this disease. If the 

 system becomes inflamed or feverish, bleeding must be resorted to, and 

 there are few cases of jaundice in which it would not be useful. 



JELLY. Is a form of food, or medicine, prepared from the juice 

 of ripe fruits, boiled to a proper consistence with sugar ; or the strong 

 decoctions of the horns, bones, or extremities of animals, boiled to such 

 a height as to be stiff and firm when cold, without the addition of 

 sugar. The jellies of fruits are cooling, saponaceous, and accescent, 

 and therefore are good in all disorders of the primae vise, arising from 

 alkalescent juices. Jellies made from animal substances are all alka- 

 lescent, and, therefore, good in all cases in which an acidity of the 

 humors prevails ; the alkalescent quality is, however, in a great mea- 

 sure taken off by the addition of lemon juice and sugar. A sort of 

 jellies were formerly much in use, called compound jellies ; these 

 had the restorative medicinal drugs added to them, but they are now 

 seldom prescribed. 



JESUITS' BARK. Or Peruvian Bark, an invaluable drug, used 

 with great success in 'nterrnittent fevers. The tree which produces 

 it, grows chiefly in Q/uito, a province of Peru. It is about the size of 

 a cherry tree, and bears a kind of fruit resembling an almond ; but it 

 is only the bark that possesses those excellent qualities for which it is 

 so much celebrated. It is said that the medicinal virtue of this bark 

 was discovered in the following manner. Several of the trees were 

 felled for other purposes into a lake, when an epidemic fever of a very 

 mortal kind prevailed at Loxa, in Peru ; and the woodmen acci- 

 dentally drinking the water were cured. Some Jesuits carried this 

 bark to Rome, about the year 1639. 



JET. In Natural History, a bituminous substance, which Ma- 

 gellan supposes to be similar to amber, differing only in its color, 



