250 THE FARMER AT HOME. 



LINIMENT. An oily or spirituous preparation for external use, 

 of a consistence not so thick as an ointment. There are various use- 

 ful liniments employed in medicine ; the volatile liniment, of various 

 strength, made of ammonia and oil, and applied very beneficially in 

 gore throats and other cases, where an external stimulus is required ; 

 and the carron oil, a liniment of great efficacy in burns and scalds, 

 made of olive oil and lime-water, equal parts. The tincture of soap, 

 alone or with opium, is called anondyne liniment or opodeldoc, and is 

 used to rub parts of the body affected with rheumatic or other pains. 

 Stimulant liniments are useful in chronic diseases of the viscera, both 

 by their own powers exciting the skin to action, and by relieving the 

 internal parts ; and also by the friction itself. 



LINSEED. This is the seed of the common flax, and is one of 

 the most valuable seeds cultivated for oil. The process of growing, 

 pulling, rotting, and dressing, is familiar to most farmers, though such is 

 the value of the lint, or flax, and the seed, that we think the culture 

 might be profitably extended. For common painting, the linseed oil 

 is the best that can be procured, and it forms the base of all varnishes 

 into which oil enters as a part. After the oil is expressed from the 

 seeds, the residue, called oil cake, is one of the most nutritive sub- 

 stances used, and is justly celebrated for fattening animals. When 

 cattle are to be fed on oil cake, they are usually put up at the end of 

 the grass season. The cake, broken or ground fine in mills, is fed to 

 them at the rate of about four quarts a day each, one-half in the morn- 

 ing and the other at night. "With the oil cake, is also fed cut hay or 

 straw, cob meal, or inferior grain or other matters ; and the result is 

 they fatten very rapidly. A small quantity of oil cake fed to horses, 

 during winter, gives their coat a fine sleek appearance, as well as im- 

 proves their condition. Oil cake is sometimes fed to milk cows, but 

 while it increases the milk, it has the effect of giving it a somewhat 

 unpleasant taste. 



LION. The lion, like all other cats, is armed, in each jaw, with 

 six strong and exceedingly sharp cutting teeth, two formidable canine, 

 and six others, occupying the usual place of the molars, but differing 

 from these by terminating in sharp protuberances. Besides these, 

 there is a small tooth, or tubercle, on each side of the upper jaw, 

 immediately posterior to all the others. The tongue is covered with 

 rough and elevated papillae, with their points directed backwards. 

 The claws, which are five in number on the fore feet, and four on the 

 hinder, are of great length, extremely powerful, and much curved ; 

 like those of the other cats, they are re tractile within a sheath enclosed 

 in the skin covering the paws. The lion is distinguished from his 

 kindred species by the uniformity of his color, which is pale tawny 

 above, becoming somewhat lighter beneath, and never, except while 

 very young, exhibiting any markings ; and also by the long and flow. 



