THE FARMER AT HOME. 435 



easily deposited therein and made to stand upright, the position in 

 which it was transported. On the return of spring the buds expanded 

 and the leaves unfolded themselves with as much vigor as though it 

 had never been touched ; nor has the growth to appearance been re- 

 tarded. 



If very large trees are transplanted, even in this manner, it is ap- 

 parent that it will be a long time before their growth will become 

 vigorous, as so great a reduction is unavoidably made in the quantity 

 of their roots. In all cases it is ordinarily a good rule in transplanting 

 trees to remove as many of the branches as of the roots. Between the 

 number of the roots and branches there is a correspondence in num- 

 ber and size ; the existence of the former is necessary for the preserva- 

 tion of the latter. 



TRANSMIGRATION. In pagan mythology, the passing of 

 human souls into other bodies. This doctrine originated among the 

 East Indians, and is of great antiquity. The Indians believed that 

 the soul transmigrated from body to body, for a long succession of 

 ages ; that the punishment of crimes would be to have the souls of 

 the criminals thrust into some unclean or detested brute animals after 

 death ; that the cruel or tyrannical, for instance, would suffer in other 

 bodies the same kinds of distress and tortures that they had inflicted ; 

 and that after a course of trials and transmigrations, the soul would 

 be reunited to its original body, in order to enjoy eternal happiness. 

 Accordingly, they scrupulously abstained from eating flesh and from 

 spilling the blood of any of the inferior animals, lest they should eat 

 or kill some near relation. Pythagoras, in his travels in India, learned 

 this doctrine of the Indian Brachmans, and taught it in Greece. 



TREACLE or MOLASSES. The chief difference between this 

 article and sugar appears to be in its mucilaginous or gummy color- 

 ing matter ; it is more laxative than refined sugar ; and may by di- 

 lution and the addition of yeast, be made to undergo the vinous and 

 acetous fermentations. In the first, a considerable portion of spirit 

 may be obtained from it, flavored of course with the peculiar taste 

 which the sugar imparts, as in rum, the taste of which arises, no 

 doubt, from the essential oil of the sugar. 



TREADMILL. An instrument of punishment, lately introduced 

 into England and this country, consisting of a large wheel, about 

 twenty or twenty-five feet wide, with steps on its external surface, 

 upon which the criminals are placed. Their weight sets the wheel 

 in motion, and they maintain themselves in an upright posture by 

 means of a horizontal bar fixed above them, of which they keep hold. 

 The power thus obtained may be applied to the same purpose as water 

 power or steam. The exercise is very fatiguing, and the prisoners 

 are relieved every eight or ten minutes. 



TRIANGLE. In Geometry, a figure of three sides and three 

 angles. Triangles are either plans or spherical. A plane triangle 13 



