198 FARMER'S ASSISTANT', 



be taken, not to penetrate so deep as to scale the bone that 

 lies under the upper bars of the mouth, as this would be 

 very injurious to the animal. 



Mr Peters, of Pennsylvania, after remarking that lampas 

 is caused by fever in the Horse, and that the swelling 

 should be allayed by reducing the fever, says that he never 

 would suffer a Horse to be burned in the mouth, as he had 

 known them to be ruined by repetitions of this operation. 

 Sometimes a mess or two of hard Indian corn, he says, 

 banishes the swelling;. 



LAYERS. Trees and shrubs that yield no seed in this 

 climate, and which cannot be propagated by slips or cut- 

 ings, may nevertheless be propagated by layers. The man- 

 ner of doing it is as follows : Take shoots of the last year's 

 growth, bend them to the earth, and burry them half a foot 

 deep in a good mellow soil; fasten them with hooks to 

 prevent their rising, and bend the tops so as to bring them 

 above the surface. A slit upwards should be made in that 

 part of the twig which lies deepest, or a wire drawn tightly 

 round it there, to prevent the sap from mounting too fast. 

 Let the ground be covered to keep it moist, and let it be 

 watered if necessary. When the twigs have struck root, 

 they may be cut off in the Spring and transplanted into the 

 nursery. 



The time for laying evergreens is July or August, and 

 October for deciduous trees. Many herbaceous plants may 

 also be propagated in this way. 



LICE. See INSECTS. 

 LIMESTONE. See EARTHS, 

 LOAM. Sec EARTHS. 



LOCUST (Robina.) This is a very valuable tree for 

 cultivation, as it will grow well on any poor barren sandhill, 

 and indeed in every kind of dry soil, where the climate is 

 not too cold. A sandy loam or gravelly loam is best suited 

 for it, It will cause grass to grow on the poorest soil; so 

 that ground planted with these trees answers the double 

 purpose of forest and pasture. The trees will acquire a 

 very considerable size in fifteen years, and in about twenty- 

 five years are full grown. 



The timber is excelent for the trunnions and knees of 

 vessels, for cogs for mills, and for many other purposes, 

 where hardness and durability are required. For posts fon 

 fences, it will last fifty or sixty years, anjj for firewood it is 

 also excelent. On the whole, considering all the good 



