228 FARMER'S ASSISTANT. 



up every year, after the time of using them is past, and be 

 preserved many years. 



In clearing pasture-lands which abound with sugar-maple, 

 it would be well to preserve these trees, as they do no in- 

 jury to the pasture; but the difficulty is, that as soon as 

 thay become more exposed to the winds they are blown 

 down. But let all the small maples in such grounds be left, 

 and in a few years these will grow up with sufficient 

 strength of root to withstand the winds, and become an ar- 

 ticle of profit and ornamental to the farm. They may also 

 be very easily dug up in the woodlands, and transplanted 

 into such pastures. 



This is a piece of economy which the Farmer would do 

 well to observe, if he wishes his farm to yield due supplies 

 of sugar, when that article shall have become more scarce. 

 Twenty trees to an acre would do little or no injury to the 

 pasture ; and ten acres of such a maple-orchard would, in a 

 few years, yield no inconsiderable quantity of sugar. By 

 boring the trees, as above directed, no essential injury is 

 done to them; so that they might be increasing in growth 

 lor half a century, or perhaps double that length of time. 



The sugar of the maple may be grained in the manner 

 directed for graining the sugar of the beet; or it may be 

 done in the vessel in which the sap is boiled, if it be not 

 too large for the purpose. 

 See BEET. 



The trees may be raised from cutings, or from the 

 seeds. 



MARES. Those which are kept for breeding are only 

 here to be noticed. 



Mares should not be suffered to breed, till after they are 

 four years old. They should be free irom distempers, lest 

 their Colts inherit them. They should be of good color 

 and size, well made, strong, and spirited, with bright prom? 

 inent eyes. If the Mare have any defects, she should not be 

 put to a Horse having the same. About the 1st of June is 

 the proper time to put her to the Horse, and every ninth 

 day afterwards, till she refuses to take him. 



Mares with Foal should be housed pretty early in the 

 Fall, and be well kept till foaling. They should not be 

 riden swiftly, nor put to drawing or carrying burdens, for a 

 month or two betore foaling. The smell of a hide newly 

 taken off will make a Mare lose her Foal. When about to 

 foal, they should be kept in a yard by themselves. 



It is very desirable' to have the breeding Mares cast 

 their Colts after the likeness of the Horse, as in that case 

 their own form and qualities are not so essential. They 



