FARMER'S ASSISTANT, 393 



mr Is to be driven, in the manner described for driving 

 water up aqueducts, under MANURES The tubes may be 

 made of narrow strips of boards, with a groove cut in each, 

 and then nailed together ; and when thus made they should 

 have a number of small holes bored in them, at proper dis- 

 tances, for leting out the fresh air in every part, which of 

 course expels the foul air from the heap. 



* Every Farmer (says a practical Writer on Agriculture, 

 in the new E'Unburg Encyclopedia) who wishes to have any 

 of the varieties of turnip of a right kind, ought to save seed 

 for himself. It is unnecessary to expect pure seed from the 

 shops, unless an attention is bestowed in the rearing and 

 wining processes, exceeding what is usually given by those 

 concerned in the processes. Hence heavy losses are often 

 sustained by Cultivators who trust to these Agents; and this 

 has been the case particularly with ruta-baga. 



* A few years ago, this excelent root was nearly given up 

 by many Farmers, because a spurious seed was furnished 

 by the shops. However, by the attention of some respect- 

 able Agriculturists, seed of a better kind has again been 

 obtained, which may restore the credit of this valuable root. 

 This credit, however, is only to be preserved by a continu- 

 ance of the same sedulity which caused its renovation ; or, 

 in other words, by keeping ruta-baga at a distance from 

 every other species of the turnip and cabbage tribes, when 

 forming its flowers, and procreating its successors ' 



A yellow turnip of the common species, which, however, 

 is not the common yellow garden-turnip, has lately been 

 cultivated in England, on account of its being very nutri- 

 mental, and capable of being preserved nearly as long as 

 ruta-baga. In growing, it may stand nearer together than 

 the common white turnip, as it does not extend so much in 

 circumference. 



Where Sheep, are a part of the stock of fating cattle to 

 be fed, during Fall, on the common turnips, a quantity suf- 

 ficient for them may be left in the ground. Thus, if they 

 are to consume a fourth ot the whole crop, leave every 

 fourth row, and by this mean their manure will be distribut- 

 ed more equally over the whole ground. Ruta-baga may 

 also be left in the ground, where Neat-cattle are to teed on 

 them, as the bulb of this root is entirely above ground; and, 

 in such case, what is left by them may be eaten off by 

 Sheep. 



It may be advisable for those who undertake the culture 

 of ruta-baga to obtain the best of seed from England, as 

 probably what is to be found in this Country has deteriorat- 

 ed, for want of attention in raising it sufficiently remote 

 from all the other species of Brassica. By importing the 



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