by thorough harrowing. Plough but once, and spare no 

 pains to do it thoroughly. Plant early ; keep the crop 

 free from weeds, by frequently stirring the soil with the 

 cultivator and hoe, and avoid hilling, especially for corn. 



For winter wheat, the best preparation which the ground 

 can receive is a thorough summer-fallowing, though if 

 the ground is free from weeds and in good state of cul- 

 tivation, wheat may be profitably sown with one plough- 

 ing after peas, and, perhaps, on some soils and in certain 

 situations, after corn. The wheat sown should be free 

 from all foul seeds, and in quantity about two bushels 

 per acre. Spring wheat may be successfully cultivated 

 with once ploughing land on which corn or potatoes were 

 raised the preceding year. Barley requires soil and 

 treatment similar to spring wheat. 



Oats require much the same treatment as spring 

 wheat, and should be sown early to secure a good crop. 

 Late sowing frequently produces a large growth of 

 straw, but the berry is generally light. 



In raising peas, we have been most successful when 

 we have inverted greensward, and harrowed in three 

 bushels of seed per acre, on the furrow, and made all 

 smooth with the roller. 



For raising beets, carrots, or rutabaga, select a sandy 

 loam ; make it rich ; plough deep ; plant evenly ; keep 

 the ground free from weeds by frequent hoeing, and do 

 not suffer the plants to stand too thick. Follow these 

 directions, and an abundant crop will be very sure to 

 crown your labors. 



FIFTHLY Seeding land with grass seeds. 



This subject deserves greater attention from the farm, 

 ing community than it has generally received. Owing 

 to a lack of proper seeding, large quantities of land are 



