180 THE FARMER'S AND 



ulcers. Thin gruel should be placed near to the animal, 

 if the mouth is so sore that it cannot eat hay, and plenty 

 of gruel administered by force. 



Sometimes the animal will become very weak, and 

 lose its appetite. If this be the case, when the fever in gone, 

 give it the following : 



Gentian root, two drachms. 



Tartrate of iron, one drachm. 



Powdered ginger, one drachm. 



In a pint of gruel. 



This should be given twice a day, until the appetite 

 returns and the beast improves. 



0^7" Be careful that none of the matter discharged from 

 the mouth comes in contact with any sore place, as it 

 may cause ulcers. If ulcers do appear, they may be 

 cured by the application of lunar caustic. 



CALVING. 



Cows which are shortly expected to calve, ought to be 

 lodged at night in some convenient place under cover, for 

 a week or two before calving, as it might be the means of 

 saving the life of the calf, and perhaps of the dam like- 

 wise. The day and night after a cow has calved, she 

 should be kept warm. Let her not be exposed for some 

 time to the dampness of the night. 



Cows which are near calving ought to be fed with better 

 and more substantial food than usual. Grain of any kind 

 is now useful, but it should be crushed, bruised, or coarse- 

 ly ground. If the cleaning of a cow aft?r calving be de- 

 layed, it may be promoted, according to Dean's " New 

 England Farmer," by giving her a pail of warm water 

 with some ashes in it ; or, according to " The Grazier's 

 Guide," the only thing to be given is toast and weak wine, 

 or good cider or perry. If wine be preferred, mix it with 



