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cut. The age is then guessed at by the wearing down of 

 these teeth until the calf is eight months old, when they be- 

 gin to become narrower and smaller. At eight months the 

 two centre teeth are smaller than the rest ; and from that 

 time until eighteen months the others gradually diminish, 

 until the whole are very considerably lessened in size and 

 stand apart from each other. 



At two years old the two middle teeth are pushed out, 

 and succeeded by two permanent ones ; at three there are 

 four permanent teeth ; six at four years ; and all the 

 eight at five, when the animal is said to be full-mouthed ; 

 but he is not actually so until six years old, when all the 

 eight are level. 



A good judge of cattle, will generally determine the 

 age with considerable accuracy for many years after that. 

 From six to nine he will be guided by the wearing down 

 of the teeth, and after that by the diminution in their bulk, 

 as in the milk teeth. At nine the two middle fore teeth 

 are evidently smaller and narrower than the rest ; at ten 

 the two next are so ; and so on until twelve, when, as in 

 the steer of two years old, the teeth again begin to stand 

 singularly apart from each other. 



BY THE HORNS. The surface of the horn continues 

 nearly smooth until the expiration of the second year of 

 the animal's life, when a wrinkle or circle of thicker horn 

 begins to be formed around the base. This isfully com- 

 pleted in a twelvemonth, and another ring then begins to 

 appear, so that if the perfect rings or circles are counted, 

 and two added to them, the age of the beast is supposed 

 to be ascertained. These rings, however, are not clear 

 and distinct, and it is very easy to remove one or two of 

 them with a rasp, at least to the unpracticed eye, when 

 the animal begins to be unmarketably old. In addition 

 to this a well-known fact should be stated, that if a heifer 



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