THE EMIGRANT'S HAND-BOO*. 



287 



he trees are most exposed to his rays. For this reason, 

 a hill or a wood on the east side, may prove very beneficial. 



A northern aspect would go far toward insuring regular 

 crops of the peach, nectarine, apricot, if protected from 

 the sun and warm winds by a belt of evergreens. On 

 sandy soils especially, the reflected heat is often sufficient 

 in autumn or winter, to start the buds ; and snow and ice 

 have been successfully* heaped round the trees to prevent 

 this disaster ; but a northern aspect would probably render 

 such labor unnecessary. 



Dry firm ground should be chosen, preferring a sandy 

 or gravelly loam, though clay will do with good culture. 

 Wet, peaty, or spongy soils are apt to be frosty ; for the 

 radiation of heat is much greater than from firmer land. 



Four ORDERS of arranging or planting trees have been 

 employed, which the annexed figures exhibit, all drawn 

 by the same scale ; and the distance between the nearest 

 points (or trees) is intended for one rod. One hundred of 

 these are represented in two of the figures ; but in the 

 quincunx, owing to the vacancies in the sides, only ninety, 

 eight are given, while in fig. 3 there is a surplus, although 

 some vacancies also occur at the sides. 



* We caused an apple tree to bloom a fortnight later than the rest of the orchard, 

 4y piling wood round it 



