MADDER. 83 



* 



dyeing. In Cambridgeshire, in England, near 

 the borders of Essex, this plant has long been 

 cultivated to a great extent. Saffron Walden 

 derives its name from this product of its 

 vicinity. As soon as the flowers of this plant 

 appear, they are gathered by hand, in the 

 morning, before they open; a part of the 

 flower is afterwards picked out; this being 

 subjected to heat and pressure, forms a cake, 

 which is the drug that bears the name. Saf- 

 fron in small quantities is raised by almost 

 every family in New-England, and is used in 

 its unprepared state in various complaints. It 

 is only for the sake of convenience that it is 

 formed into a cake. 



MADDER is produced in many parts of Eng- 

 land and Holland, and in small quantities in the 

 United States ; and the roots of it, when peel- 



