36 THE FLORA OF THE ALPS 



V. odorata, L., Sweet Violet ; V. canina, L., Dog Violet, 

 with its numerous sub-species ; V. sylvatica, Fr., Wood 

 Violet, with its sub-species ; V. palustris, L., with small 

 pale blue flowers and reniform leaves, in marshes; and 



V. hirta, L., resembling odorata, but smaller and scent- 

 less, on open hill-sides. V. Beraudii, Bor., Rhone valley, 

 is probably a variety of odorata, with blue flowers 

 and a white throat ; V. multicaulis, also of odorata, with 

 dusky violet flowers ; perplexa, Grml., a hybrid ; V. 

 stagnina, Kit. (lactea, Rchb.), and elatior, Fr., both occa- 

 sional in swampy meadows, varieties of canina. 



The following species are mostly alpine or sub- 

 alpine : 



a. Stigma terminating in an oblique disk; seed-vessel 

 pendant : V. pinnata, L.; leaves all radical, palmate with 

 pinnatifid segments, stem-leaves o, flowers light violet, 

 fragrant ; very high ; Switzerland, Tirol, Dauphiny, 

 Carinthia, blossoming very early. 



b. Style pointed, curved; fruit-stalk horizontal on the 

 ground ; seed-vessel globular : V. alba, Bess. ; flowers 

 white, fragrant, sepals obtuse, leaves ovate-acuminate, 

 stipules very narrow, seed-vessel hairy ; Switzerland, 

 very rare ; Jura, Zug. V. sciaphila, Koch ; flowers 

 small, violet, fragrant, sepals oval, petals bearded, seed- 

 vessel glabrous ; Switzerland, Tirol, Dauphiny, Carin- 

 thia, rare. V. ambigua^ Koch (Thomasiana, P. and S.); 

 leaves lanceolate-ovate, flowers large, violet-red, fra- 

 grant, seed-vessel hairy; Ticino, Pusterthal. V. collina, 

 Bess.; flowers blue, fragrant, leaves cordate-ovate, seed- 

 vessel globular, pubescent, stipules fimbriate, pubescent; 

 Switzerland, lowlands. 



c. Style pointed, curved ; fruit-stalk erect ; seed-vessel 



