96 v. MENISPERMACEJE. (Hook. f. & Thorns.) [Parabana. 



the top of the staminal column, bursting transversely. FEMALE fl. : 

 nodesG, cylinclric- Ovaries 3 ; styles subulate, recurved. Drup<s ovoid, style- 

 scar subterminal ; endocarp subglobose, dorsally spinulose, ventrally con- 

 cave. Seed pitted, curved, ventrally concave ; cotyledons f oliaacous, ovate, 

 spreading. 



1. P. sag-ittata, Miers Contrib. iii. 57, t. 98 ; leaves cordate or sagit- 

 tate obtusely acuminate. H.f.&T.FLInd.\%\. P. oleracea, pet. -IM- 

 phylla and ferruginea, Miers in Tu<il. Ann. Ser. 2, vii. 3!K Cissampelofl 

 sagittata, Ham. ex Wall. Cat. 4983. C. oleracea, Wall. Cat. 4984. 



Tropical forests from NIPAL and the KHASIA HII.LS, to AVA and Ciin r\. 



Glabrous pubescent or softly tomentose; brauehlets grooved. Leaves 2-8 by 2-4 in., 

 5-7-nerved, young sinuate-toothed, older entire; petiole 3-4 in. CI/I/H* usually ge- 

 minate, many-flowered. Flowers minute, Sepal* subacute. Petals obovate-cuneate, 

 tip often 3-lobed. Drupes greenish. 



3. TINOSPORA, Miers. 



Climbing shrubs. Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes or panicles. 

 Sejmh 6, 2-seriate, inner larger membranous, /V^//.< <;, smaller. MALI: H. : 

 Stamens 6, filaments free, tips thickened; anther-cells obliquely iidnate, 

 bursting obliquely. FKMAI.I: fl. : &omtn<xfe 6, clavate. OvanesS] stigmas 

 forked. Dmi** 1-3, dor>ally convex, ventrally flat ; style-scar subterminal ; 

 eiidocarp rugose, dorsally keeled, ventrally concave. moved ventrally 



or curved round the intruded sub-:.'-h>l>ed endoearp. albumen ventrally rumi- 

 nate ; cotyledons foliaceous, ovate, spreading. DisTliiu. Species about 8, 

 tropical Asiatic and African. 



1. T. tomentosa, Miers Cntri!>. iii. 33 ; leaves orbicular-cordate, more 

 or less 3-lobed pubescent above tomi-ntose beneath. //. /. ( T. /'/. I ml. 

 \^:\. (Joeeulus tonientosus, Cf> f >. in 7'/v//.s. Linn. >^"C. xiii. ;">u Wall. Cat. 

 4956. Menisj). tonientosiini, h'n.rh. /'/. />/. iii. si 3. 



Tropical thick ft. > in r,r.x;Ai.. L'o'bnr;///, .-in.l AVA, H',//7/r//. 



llttri: pustular ; shouts tuinniiii- '> in. diam., tomentose on both surfacos ; 



pctiul.- ;^ lung, liacemcx usually simplf. solitary or lasciclt-d. Finn-,-,-* las.-ii-lc.l in 

 the axils or deciduous ura.-ts. />nij>f ])i>iturni, oran-e-yt.-lliuv, enducaip tubcrcled. 



2. T. malabarica, Mi-r.< <'n> t irib. iii. 3^; leaves ovate-cordate acumi- 

 nate pubescent above almost \\oolly beneath. //. /. ,( T. /'/. ///'/. is;}. 

 Menisp. mahibaricum, Laink. Coccnlus mahibaricus, lj(\ I'mar. i. ( J7; \YalL 

 Cat. 4DG9; KheedeHort. Mal.\\\.i. l:. 



\\'I.STKRX TKNINSUI-A ; SIKKIM : KIIASIX nn.i.s and dim MIMM;. 



BrancJdcts clothed with white hairs. Li-tmcs 3-> in. diam., 7 nerved ; petiole 4 in., 

 terete, hairy, llacemes 3-6 in. ; flowers given. Drupes red. Mk-rs distinguishes the 

 Khasia and Chittagong specimens as var. scabridula. 



3. T. crispa, Mi ITS Contrih. iii. 34 ; leaves ovate-cordate or oblong 

 acuminate glabrous stamens adnateto the base of the petals, drupe elliptic- 

 obhmg. !!./.<( T. /''./,./. i.v;j. Menisj ermum crispum, L. M. verrucosum, 

 Itoxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 808. M. tuberculatum, Laink. Cocculus crispus, DC. 

 Prodr. i. 97. C. verrucosus, Wall. Cat. 4966 A, B. 



From SILHET and ASSAM to PEGU and MALACCA. DISTRIB. Malay Islands. 



i'xirl; warted ; shoots glabrous. Leaves 2-6 by 1-4 in., entire or repand, somt.-times sub- 

 sauittatc, basal lobes distant ; petiole 1-3 in. Jiacemes 4-8 in., on the old wood, solitary 

 or fascicled. Fluiccra 2-3 in thu axils of ovate llushy bracts, ^ iu. lohtr, green, campuiiulate 



