Alsodeia.} xin. VIOLACE.E. (Hook. f. & Thorns.) 189 



SECT. III. Scyphellandra, Thwaites (Gen.). Stamens included; an- 

 thers free. Disk reduced to 5 scales, one at the back of each anther. 



11. A. virg>ata, Thwaites (Scyphellandra) ; twigs pubescent with curled 

 hairs, leaves small petioled ovate or oblong toothed glabrous obtuse at 

 both ends. 



Hot dry parts of CEYLON, Thwaites. 



A small shrub. Leaves very variable, ^-l^in. ; petiole pubescent. Stipules minute, 

 lanceolate. Flowers subsolitary, axillary, peduncled or subsessile, ^ in. diam., whitish. 

 Petals sessile, linear-oblong;, twice as long as the broadly ovate obtuse ciliolate sepals. 

 Anthers subsessile, tip of the connective petaloid, much exceeding the cells, ovate, sub- 

 acute. Ovary small glabrous ; style slender, stigma minutely 3-lobed ; ovules one on 

 each placenta. Capsule 3-valved. Seeds subglobose. 



ORDER XIV. BIXINEJE. (By Hooker f. & Thomson.) 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate ; stipules minute or 0. Inflorescence 

 various. Flowers regular, 1-2-sexual. Sepals 4-5, rarely 2-6, imbricate, 

 free or connate and bursting irregularly, usually deciduous. Petals 4-5 or 0, 

 imbricate or contorted in bud, deciduous. Stamens usually hypogynous ; 

 anthers 2-celled, bursting by slits or pores. Disk thickened, often glandular. 

 Ovary 1-, rarely several-celled ; style and stigmas free or united ; ovules 

 parietal, amphitropous or anatropous. Fruit dry or fleshy, indehiscent or 

 valvular, valves bearing the seeds in the middle. Seeds arillate or testa 

 pulpy, albumen fleshy ; embryo axile, cotyledons foliaceous often cordate, 

 ,DISTRIB. Chiefly tropical ; genera 30; species 160. 



TEIBE I. Bixeee. Petals broad, contorted, without a scale or basal ap- 

 pendage. Anthers bursting by pores or short slits. 



Capsule almost 3-5-celled. Leaves compound 1. COCHLOSPERMUM. 



Capsule 2-valved. Leaves simple 1* BIXA. 



TRIBE II. Flacourtieae. Petals small, imbricate or 0. Anthers short, 

 bursting by slits. 



Flowers 2 -sexual. Petals 4-6. Stamens indefinite ... 2. SCOLOPIA. 



Flowers 2-sexual. Petals 5-6. Stamens 5-6 3. ERYTHROSPERMUM. 



Flowers usually dioecious. Petals 0. Ovary 2-8-celled . . 4. FLACOURTIA. 



Flowers dioecious. Petals 0. Ovary 1-celled. Seeds glabrous 5. XYLOSMA. 



Flowers dicecious. Petals 0. Ovary 1-celled. Seeds hairy 6. ABERIA. 



TRIBE III. Fangiese. Flowers dioecious. Petals with an adnate scale 

 or basal appendage. 



Sepals connate. Stamens very many . 7. GYNOCARDIA. _/J 



Sepals connate. Stamens 5 8. TRICHADENIA. 



Sepals free. Stamens 5-8 9. HYDNOCARPUS. 



1. COCHLOSPERiyiUIVI, Kunth. 



Trees or shrubs, juice yellow or red. Leaves digitately lobed or divided. 

 Flowers large, yellow, 2-sexual. Sepals 5, deciduous. Petals 5, large, con- 

 torted in bud. Stamens many, on an eglandular disk ; anther-cells with 

 pores or short slits. Ovary globose, almost 3-5-celled ; style simple, stigma 

 toothed ; ovules very many, on 3-5 parietal placentas. Capsule 3-5-valved, 

 endocarp membranous. Seeds cochleate; testa hard, woolly; embryo 

 curved.DiSTRiB. About 11 species, all tropical. 



