Zanthoxylum.} xxxin. RUTACE^:. (J. D. Hooker.) 40.' J 



A shrub? Leaflets 3-4 in., coriaceous, subsessile, petioles not armed. Cymes in 



panicles, quite glabrous. Flowers - in. diam., 4-5-merous. Petals valv;it<-. 



Ripe carpels solitary, the size of a pea, smooth. Wight makes 2 species of this, which 



1 cannot distinguish except as varieties. The Khasian and Assam specimens have 

 rather longer leaves than the Madras ones. 



VAR. 1. ovalifdlitim ; unarmed. Z. ovalifolium, Wight, I.e. 



VAR. 2. sepiarium; armed with short straight prickles. Z. sepiarium, Wt. 111. 

 i. 169. 



** Leaves 5-oo- foliolate, petiole winged, flowers apetaloiis, wood with a 

 broad septate pith. 



2. Z. alatuxn, Roxb. Fl. Tnd. iii. 768; leaflets 2-6 pairs lanceolate 

 glabrous beneath, petiole and rachis usually broadly winged, nerves very 

 indistinct, flowers in sparse panicles 2-6 inches long glabrous or pubescent. 

 Wall Cat. 1209 in part ; Brandis For. Flor. 47; Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. Anal. 

 Gen. xlii. Z. hostile, Wall. Cat. 1210, in part. 



Hot valleys of the SUBTROPICAL HIMALAYA, ascending to 6000 ft. from Jainu to 

 Bhotan ; KHASIA MTS., alt. 2-3000 ft. 



A shrub or small tree, with dense foliage and pungent aromatic taste and smell ; 

 prickles often vertically flattened on the trunk and branches, the older with a corky 

 base. Leaves 1^-9 in. (in Khasia specimen) ; petiole glabrous, narrowly winged, with 



2 stipular prickles at the base ; leaflets f-4 in., narrow, usually elliptic-lanceolate, ravel v 

 ovate, obtusely acuminate. Panicles loose, sparingly branched. Flowers ^-\ in. 

 diam. Calyx 6-8-lobed, lobes subacute. Stamens 6-8. Mipe carpels ^-i in. diam., 

 usually ^solitary, laxly panicled, broadly ovoid, pale red, tubercled. Young leaflets have 

 often the costa prickly beneath, and usually few large scattered glands. ~ The wood is 

 hard and used for tooth cleaning, and the carpels as a condiment. 



3. Z. acanthopodium, DC. Prodr. ii. 727; branclilets glabrous or 

 tomentose, leaflets 2-6-pairs lanceolate, nerves distinct glabrous or more or 

 less pubescent beneath, petiole and rachis narrowly winged, cymes very short 

 dense -1 in. long pubescent. Z. hostile, Watt, Cat. 1210, and Z. alatum, 



Wall. Cat. 1209, in part. 



Hot valleys of the SUBTROPICAL HIMALAYA, from Kumaon to Sikkim, ascending to 

 7000 ft. ; KHASIA MTS., alt. 4-6000 ft. 



Very similar indeed to Z. alatum, and possibly a variety of that plant, but the leaflets 

 have never the large scattered glands, and are often very pubescent beneath, the nerves 

 are much stronger, and the inflorescence is remarkably different, the ripe carpels (g in. 

 diam.) forming dense sessile and almost globose clusters on the branches below the 

 leaves. The Z. planispinum, Sieb. and Zucc., of Japan, is probably another variety, 

 with fewer glabrous leaflets, faint nerves, and glabrous inflorescence ; it is intermediate 

 between this and Z. alatum, to which it is most nearly allied, but wants the lar^c 

 glands. Wallich in his catalogue quotes Z. acanthopodium, DC., as a synonym of 

 Z. alatum, Roxb., and the ticket is attached to a specimen with very short cvmes and 

 crowded points, and with leaves pubescent beneath. I therefore retain De Candolle's 

 name for this plant, which is quite distinct from Roxburgh's Z. alatum. 



VAR. Timbor; branches clothed with dense rusty (when dry) tomentum. Z. ?Tinibor, 

 Wall. Cat. 7116. Chainpur hills, Hamilton (? Chayanpoor hills in Behar, 40 milts 

 S.E. of Benares). 



*** Leaves 5- <x> -foliolate, petiole not winged, flowers poly petalous. 



4. Z. tomentellum, Hook. f. ; sparingly prickly, branches petioles 

 and cymes velvety, leaflets alternate 6-8 pairs quite entire velvety beneath, 

 cymes axillary. 



EASTERN SUBTROPICAL HIMALAYA ; Bhotan, Griffith; Sikkim, at Choongfam, alt 

 5000 ft., /. D. H. 



