Zizyphus.] XLII. RHAMNE^E. (M. A. Lawson.) 633 



middle. Fruit globose, 2-celled, fleshy and mealy, glabrous. There are many culti- 

 vated varieties, differing greatly in the shape and size of the leaves, as also in the size 

 and nature of the fruit, of which the most remarkable is Edgeworth's var. Hysudricus 

 (Jouru. Linn. Soc. vi. 201), with erect or spreading not drooping branches, obtuse ovate 

 oblong or orbicular leaves, glabrous or slightly tomentose beneath, and long petioles. 

 This, according to Aitchison, is always raised by grafts. Two other varieties are de- 

 scribed by Edgeworth viz., kortensis and spontaneity. 



2. Z. glabrata, Heyne in Roth Nov. Sp. 159 ; unarmed, leaves 1-3 

 by f-H in. elliptic glabrous on both sides, fruit under | in. in diameter. 

 W. & A. Prodr. 162; Wight Ic. t. 282 ; Bedd, Fl. Sylv. Anal. Gen. Ixviii. 

 Z. trinervius, var. /3, Roth. Nov. Sp. 159. Z. trinervia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 

 606, not Poir. ; Wall. Cat. 4231. 



EASTERN BENGAL and BHOTAN, Griffith; WESTERN PENINSULA. Nilghiri Mts., 

 Wight, &c. 



A tree. Leaves obtusely serrate, coriaceous, glossy, dark-green, with 3 unbranched 

 prominent nerves. Flowers slightly puberulous, yellowish; cymes 4 in. long. Petals 

 obtriangular with convolute margins. Disk faintly 10-lobed, not pitted or grooved, 

 glabrous. Ovary 2-celled; styles 2, united to the middle. Fruit globose, yellow?. 

 with a sweet gelatinous pulp, 1-2-celled. In some few cases the .cymes are shortly 

 pedunculate. 



3. Z. nummularia, W. & A. Prodr. 162 ; profusely armed, leaves \-\ in. 

 ovate to orbicular covered with a short velvety tomentum on both sides, 

 fruit | in. diam. Dah. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl 49 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. Anal. 

 Gen. Ixix. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, ii. 13 ; Brandis For. Fl. 88. Z. Lotus, Lamk. ; 

 Aitch. Cat. 33. Z. micrpphylla, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 613; Wall. Cat. 4232. 

 Z. rotundif olia, Lamk. Diet. iii. 319; DC. Prodr. ii. 21. Ehamnus nummu- 

 laria, Burm. Fl. Ind. 61. 



The PANJAB, ascending to 3000 ft. ; GOOZERAT, and the WESTERN PENINSULA, from 

 the Deccan and Concan southwards. DISTRIB. Persia. 



A shrub, with widely-divaricating flexuous branches ; young branches puberulous. 

 Leaves serrate, dark-green and velvety above, pale and more felted beneath. Cymes 

 under ^ in. Petals obovate with convolute margins. Disk 10-lobed with a pit oppo- 

 site each lobe. Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2, united to above the middle. Fruit globose, 

 woody, black, 2-celled. Much used for fencing, and the sweet subacid fruit as food, 

 especially in famine time. I follow Wight and Arnott in adopting Burmann's specific 

 name ; though perhaps Lamarck's should be adopted. 



4. Z. wynadensis, Bedd. Ic. PL Ind. Or. 23. t. cxiv. ; unarmed, 

 leaves 1^-2 by f in. elliptic-lanceolate glabrous and shining above 

 slightly hairy on the nerves beneath. 



WESTERN PENINSULA ; dense forests of the Wynaad, alt. 3000 ft., Beddome. 



A lofty tree, the young shoots and flowers covered with a fulvous tomentum. Leaves 

 finely reticulated beneath, penninerved, with hairy glands in the axils of the main 

 nerves. Flowers fascicled, forming dense axillary clusters. Petals 3-lobed with con- 

 volute margins. Disk hairy, 5-angled, not pitted. Ovary 2-celled; styles 2, divided 

 to nearly the base. Fruit '} 



5. Z. vulg-aris, Lamk. Diet. iii. 316 ; armed, leaves f-2| in. sub- 

 obliquely ovate obtuse or subacute crenate-serrate glabrous on both sides, 

 fruit \ in. in diam. Roxb. FL. Ind. i. 609; Sibth. Fl, Grew. i. 159, t. 241 ; 

 Boiss. Fl. Orient, ii. 12. Z. flexuosa, Wall, in Roxb. FL Ind, ed. Carey, ii. 

 365 ; Cat, 4229. Z. nitida, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 609. Z. sativa, Gcertn. Fmct. i. 

 202. ? Z. sinensis, Lamk. Diet. iii. 317. 



, extending to the Western frontier ; the PANJAB HIMALAYA, Falconer, &c. ; 



ascending to (J500 i't. ; wild and cultivated, extending to Bengal. DISTRIB. Beluchistan, 

 W. Asia, China, Japan, S. Europe. 



