634 XLIT. RHAMNE^. (M. A. Lawson.) [Zteyphus. 



A shrub or small tree, with rigid spreading boughs and stiff branches, which arc 

 often unarmed, the whole plant quite glabrous. Prickles usually geminate, the straight 

 one often over 1 in. long, stout. Flowers few, fascicled in the axils of the leaves. 

 Petals cucullate. Disk thin, obscurely 5-lobed. Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2, united to 

 the iiiiddle. Fruit globose or oblong, succulent, red or black, shining. Z. nitida, Ixoxb., 

 Of China, is said to have a yellow fruit. 



6. Z. oxyphylla, Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 43 ; armed, leaves 

 1-2 in. obliquely ovate acute or subacuminate glabrous on both sides, 

 fruit elliptic % in. long. Brandis For. Fl. 85. Z. acuminata, Royle III. i. 

 168 (name only). 



llA/Ai:.\ir, Falconer; TEMPERATE HIMALAYA, in Sirmor and Garwhal, ascending to 

 6000 ft., Falcon i r, /tlyeworth, &c. 



A shrub or small tree, 25-30 ft., resembling Z. vulgaris in habit; whole plant quite 

 glabrous. Prickles usually geminate, the straight one 4 in. long, slender. / 

 finely crenate-serrate. Jumper* fascicled in the axils of the leaves. Petals B&A disk 

 as in Z. vulgaris. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, subfleshy, black, very acid ; stone thiu and 

 crustaceous, flattened. 



7. Z. (Enoplia, Mill. (;,,,<!. Diet. No. 3; armed, leaves \-2\ by :';-! in. 

 very obliquely ovate-lanceolate acute with a short soft pubescence above, and 

 long silky oppressed fulvous hairs beneath, fruit j in. diani. DC. /W//-. ii. 

 21; /,'o.r//. /'/. ///,/. i. (Ill; \\',,IL ('.if. 4i'4; ; l),m /'/W/'. 190 j \\'. & A. 

 Prndr. K;:J; Dah. <( GV,x. Km,,!,. /'/. 4t); Thwih-* Enum.74\ /:>>''. /'/. 

 >\'//r. A mil. <;,i,. Ixix. ; Bra,, !',.< / <J or. Fl. 86. Z. albriis, Jl.i;l>. Fl. I ml. i. 

 6(>7. Z. celtidifolia, DC. Protjhr. ii. 20. Z. ferruginea, //'</// *// \VH. 

 Cat. 4246 B, wy^/Y. Z. Napeca, RA /'/. ///</. i. 61i>, nm Wittd.; l!<>th 



a. , wy^/Y. . apeca, . //<. . 61i>, nm .; <> 



Nov. >S>>. 159. Z. pallens, 1 1'////. C r a<. 4247 L Z. iK'dicellata, M^///. Cat. 



4243. Z. rufiila, J// v . /'/. Iwl. J'xit. i. 643. Z. scandi-ns, y.'o.i^. //o/Y. 



/. 17; Wall. Cat. 1-2 :9. Ilhainnus (Enoplia, A /////. >'/>. 7V. 2^'. 



Throughout the hotter parts of India, from the PAN.IAH an.l tin- N.W. HIMALAYA to 

 Assam and southwards to (.'KYLOX and MALACCA. DISTRIB. Tropical Asia and 

 Australia. 



A shrul) with straggling often climbing branches, the young ones strigose or oftcner 

 covered \\ith a nwt-colonred piil>-scence. Leai'.-* cren*te-serrte. Prickles solitary, 

 very short, recurved. Ci/mm under ^ in. long. Flowers glabrous within. J\t<il* nh- 

 triangr.lar, cucullate. (.'run/ 'J-cclh-d ; styles 2, united to above tin; middle. Fruit 

 1- rarely 2-celled, black and shining, globose or obovoid ; stone woody or bony. 



** Flowers in pedunculate axillary cymes (see 2. glabrata). 



8. Z. xylopyrus, Wilhl. >V- /'/ 1104 ; armed or on the younger 

 branches often unarmed, branches inflorescence and fruit covered with a 

 short greyish tomentum, leaves 1|-3A in. broadly-elliptic orbicular or ob- 

 ovate glabrous and dark above covered with a soft pale pubescence beneath, 

 fruit 1H in. diara. Roxb. /'/. ///,/. L 611; \\'<i//. Cat. 4239; DC. 

 Prodr. ii. 21; W. & A. Prodr. 162; Dah. & Gibs. Bomb. /'/. 4!); 

 Thwaites Enum. 74; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. Anal. Gen. Ixviii. ; Brand is For. 

 FL 90. Z. Caracutta, Roxb. FL I,L i. 612; Wall. Ct. 4238. Z. cuneata, 

 Wall. Cat. 726S. Z. elliptica, Roxb. FL Ind. i. 610. Z. orbicularis, 

 JSr/ai/f. >S/A< v. 338; DC. Prodr. ii. 21. Z. ruminata, Ham. in Wall. 

 Cat. 4236. Z. rotundifolia, Roth Nov. Sp. 160. Khamnus xylopyrus, 

 RetzObs. ii. 11. 



NORTH-WEST IXDIA, Royle, Edgeworth. NIPAL, Wallich; BANDA, RAJPOOTANA, 

 OUDE, ascending to 2000 ft. ; BEHAH, WESTERN PENINSULA, from the Concan south- 

 wards. CEYLON, in hot dry places. 



A large straggling shrub or tmall tree, often gregarious, deciduous. Leaves slightly 

 oblique, rounded or subcordate at the base, serrulate. Prickles usually geminate, one 



