in. divided to 



Zizyplms.\ XLII. RHAMNE2E. (M. A. Lawson.) 635 



straight the other recurved, glabrous. Cymes compact, 1-1 \ in. Flowers sometimes 

 4-merous. Calyx glabrous within. Petals subspathulate, very concave, reflexed. Disk 

 thin, 5-angled. Ovary 3- rarely 2- or 4-celled ; styles usually 3, divided to near the 

 base. Fruit globose, 3- rarely 2- or 4-celled, very hard and woody and covered with a 

 dense almost felted grey or whitish tomentum. 



VAR. ; branches leaves and fruit nearly glabrous, fruit oblong or round. Perhaps the 

 Z. Caracutta of Eoxburgh. 



9. Z. Napeca, Willd. Sp. PL 1104; profusely armed, branches inflo- 

 rescence and petioles covered with spreading rusty hispid hairs, leaves 



i-2| by f-l! in. elliptic obtuse or very shortly cuspidate finely serrulate 

 dark and glabrous on both surfaces, styles 2. Rhamnus Napeca, Linn. Sp. 

 194 ; Fl. Zeylan. 87. 



CEYLON, Herb. Linnaeus, 



A straggling shrub. Leaves slightly oblique, rounded at the base, glabrous or when 

 young slightly hispid on the nerves beneath. Prickles solitary or geminate, stout, hairy, 

 dark, both recurved. Styles equalling the ovary, arms recurved. Fruit ? This, by 

 inspection of the specimens preserved in Hermann's Herbarium, I have determined to 

 be the true Z. Napeca of Linnseus. No modern collector has sent it from Ceylon, 

 whence it may be suspected that the habitat is erroneous. 



10. Z. lucida, Moon Cat. 17 ; armed, leaves 2-2| by f-l| in. ovate-lan- 

 ceolate glabrous above hairy on the veins beneath, styles 



the middle, fruit in. diam. Thwaites Enum. 74. % 



CEYLON, Walker, Thwaites. 



A prickly shrub. Branches far climbing, round, glabrous or hairy when young, black. 

 Leaves oblique, crenate-serrate with a minute bristle in each crenature, minutely apicu - 

 late. Prickles solitary, very short, recurved. Flowers in pedunculated cymes about 

 1 in. very hairy. Petals ^ in., deeply cuculate on a slender claw. Disk faintly 

 5-angled, not pitted. Fruit globose, black, smooth. Very closely allied to Z. Napeca. 



11. Z. Xiinnaei, Laws.; armed, leaves 1^-2 by -l| in. ovate glabrous 

 and shining, styles 4 exceedingly minute. Z. Napeca, Linn. Herb, not 

 Herb. Hermann. 



CEYLON, Walker. 



A prickly shrub. Branches round, glabrous, pale. Leaves nearly symmetrical, crenate 

 without the bristles and not apiculate, pale green. Prickles solitary, very short, re- 

 curved. Cymes shortly-pedunculed, about 1 in., nearly glabrous. Flowers larger than 

 in Z. lucida. Petals deeply cuculate, but on rather less slender claws. Disk faintly 

 5-angled, not pitted. Fruit? This is ihe.Z. Napeca in the Linn, fieri., but not of 

 Hermann's herbarium. 



12. Z. incurva, Eoxb. Fl. Ind. i. 614; armed, leaves 2-3| by 1-lf in. 

 ovate or ovate-oblong acute or subacuminate glabrous, petals 5, ovary 

 2-cellecl, styles 2, fruit f in. long. DC. Prodr. ii. 20: Don Prodr. 189: 

 Wall Cat. 4237. 



NIPAL, Wallich; BHOTAN, Griffith; WESTERN PENINSULA, Nilghiri Mts., Herb. 

 Hohenacker. 



A tree ? Leaves crenate-serrate, membranous, turning black in drying. Cymes 

 f in. Calyx hairy outside, glabrous within. Petals subcucullate. J)isk 10-lobed, 

 with a pit opposite each lobe, tityles divided to the middle. Fruit ellipsoid, woody, 

 2-celled, 2-seeded. 



13. Z. apetala, Hook. f. ; armed, leaves 2^-4 by 1-1 in. obliquely- 

 ovate acute or acuminate glabrous, petals 0. 



SIKKIM HIMALAYA, J. D. H. 



A shrub ; young branches and flowers covered with ferruginous pubescence. Leaves 

 crenate-serrate, membranous. Prickles recurved, very short and sharp, base broad. 



