674 LIX. UMBELLIFEE^I. (C. B. Clarke.) [Bupleurum* 



7. BUFZiEURUZH, Linn. 



Glabrous herbs, or shrubs. Leaves entire. Umbels compound ; bracts and 

 bracteoles foliaceous, or setaceous, or 0. Flowers yellow or lurid, pedicelled 

 or subsessile. Calyx-teeth 0. Petals obovate, emarginate. Styles short. Fruit 

 laterally compressed, slightly constricted at the commissure ; carpels terete or 

 subpentagonal ; primary ridges distinct, sometimes subalate, rarely obscure ; 

 secondary 0, or obscure ; vittae 1-3 between the primary ridges, rarely or 

 many ; carpophore entire 2-fid or 2-partite. Disc depressed, rarely prominent 

 in fruit. Seed terete, sometimes slightly grooved on the inner face. DISTKIE. 

 Species 60, European and temperate Asiatic : 1 South African, 1 Arctic 

 American. 



A genus at once recognised by its absolutely entire leaves. 



1. B. plant ag-inifolium, Wight Ic. t. 281 ; upper cauline leave* 

 broadly oblong obtuse mucronate, bracts 3-5 elliptic foliaceous, fruit in. 

 oblong subquadrate subalate, furrows 1-vittate. 



Mts. of the DECCAN PENINSULA; Nilghiris, alt. 6000-8000 ft. Wight, &c. 



Stout, bushy, 2-7 ft. Lower leaves linear-oblong; upper cauline 2-4 by f-l in., 

 Bubsessile, shortly narrowed at the base; nerves 10-30, subpalmate; secondary nu- 

 merous, distinct, reticulate. Bracts |-1 in., subequal ; bracteoles 4-5, \-^ in., 

 oblong-elliptic, mucronate; rays 6-12, grooved; pedicels 4-12, shorter than the 

 fruit. Carpels strongly pentagonal ; ridges thick, obtuse, suborbicular, corky ; fur- 

 rows glaucescent, vittae very large ; carpophore 2-fid, often 2-partite.' Seed subterete r 

 deeply but obtusely 5-ridged. 



2. B. lanceolatum, Wall. Cat. 551 ; middle cauline leaves petioled 

 ovate or broadly lanceolate, bract 1 small lanceolate or 0, fruit ovoid-oblong, 

 ridges obscure, furrows 3-vittate. DC. Prodr. iv. 132. 



NORTH-WEST HIMALAYA ; from KASHMIR to NIPAL, alt. 4000-9000 ft., common. 



Perennial, 1-5 ft., erect, nearly simple, or sometimes subpanicled with spreading 

 horizontal branches 1 foot long. Lower leaves long-petioled, lanceolate; middle cau- 

 line 3-5 by 5 3 in., ovate, acuminate, occasionally rounded at the base, nerves 5-7, 

 subpalmate ; secondary nerves numerous, distinct, reticulate. Bracts % in., acute ; 

 bracteoles less than in., linear, usually obsolete in the fruit ; rays 5-8, unequal ; 

 pedicels 6-12, ^ in., subequal. Fruit -| in. Carpels much incurved when ripe, 

 yellowish -brown, subviscid ; ridges distinct in imperfectly ripe fruit, small obsolete 

 in the fully ripe ; carpophore entire. Seed terete. 



3. B. Gandollii, Wall. Cat. 552; upper cauline leaves subsessile oblong 

 or ovate hardly cordate lower linear-oblong, bracteoles 4-5 elliptic or oblong 

 usually as long as the flowering umbellule, fruit ellipsoid-oblong, ridges promi- 

 nent, furrows 3-vittate. DC. Prodr. iv. 131. 



HIMALAYA, from KASHMIR to SIKKIM, alt. 8000-12,000 ft. ; frequent. 



Perennial, 1-3 ft., erect- more or less corymbose upwards. Lower cauline leaves 

 2-5 by -|- in. ; upper 1-4 by |-f in., acute, rarely acuminate, narrowed shortly at 

 the base, subsessile or sessile and amplexicaul; primary nerves 8-12, often subpin- 

 nate, oblique ; transverse nerves numerous, distinct, reticulating. Bracts 23 or 0, 

 in., ovate or oblong, acute, foliaceous, angular; bracteoles -| in., foliaceous, 



uently longer than the fruiting umbellule ; rays 5-8, rather short ; pedicels about 

 half as long as the carpels. Carpels in., yellowish-brown, semi-terete or 

 dorsally subcompressed ; ridges distinct, but not thick nor winged ; carpophore entire. 



