676 . LXX. UMBELLIFERIJ. (C. B. Clarke.) [Bupleurum. 



7. B. faleatum, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. iv. 132 ; radical leaves linear 

 broader upwards middle cauline linear acute narrowed at the base more or less 

 amplexicaul, bracts 1-5 lanceolate small or 0, bracteoles 4-5 distinctly shorter 

 than the fruiting unibellule, carpels narrowly oblong, ridges not prominent, 

 furrows 3-vittate. Jacq. Fl. Austr. t. 158; Boiss. Fl. Orient, i. 850. B. imai- 

 colum, A. Kerner Nov. Sp. PL dec. ii. 19. 



HIMALAYA; alt. 3000-12,000 ft., from KASHMIR to BHOTAN, frequent. KHASIA 

 MTS. ; alt. 3000-6000 ft., frequent. DISTRIB. Central and W. Asia, S. Europe. 



Stem 1-4 ft., erect, corymbose upwards. Radical leaves spathulate-oblong in the 

 typical European specimens, in the Indian (which belong to the form B. gramineum 

 Vill.) they are but slightly broader upwards. Cauline leaves ^-amplexicaul or sessile, 

 long acuminate, secondary nerves not prominent. Bracis usually in the Indian 

 forms, sometimes a few scarcely in. ; bracteoles usually not longer than the 

 flowering umbellule, narrowly lanceolate ; rays 5-8, 1^- in.; pedicels 5-15, usually 

 less than half the length of the fruit. Fruit ~^ in., brown ; carpels terete, ridges 

 distinct ; disc yellow or brownish, not prominent. 



VAR. 1. marginata, Wall. Cat. 566 (sp.) ; margins of the leaves prominently car- 

 tilaginous. DC. Prodr. iv. 132. Himalaya and Khasia Mts.; the most frequent 

 form. Middle cauline leaves often completely amplexicaul, but narrowed not widened 

 close to the base. 



. VAR. 2. Hoffmeisteri, Klotzsch in Reis. Pr. Waldem. Bot. 146, t. 52 (sp.); cauline 

 leaves numerous less acuminate scarcely at all amplexicaul, carpels | in. glaucous, 

 ridges very prominent. Kashmir, alt. 8000 ft., C. B. Clarke; Falconer. Leaves 

 somewhat suddenly acute, mucronate, glaucous, primary nerves strong, secondary 

 subprominent. 



VAR. 3. niqrocarpa, Jacquem. ms. (sp.) ; stems numerous from the crown, often pro- 

 cumbent, cauline leaves ovate-lanceolate or linear widest very near the amplexicaul 

 base, bracts 3-4, | in. lanceolate-linear, disc prominent on the half ripe fruit purple- 

 black. B. virgatum, Wall. Cat. 555 not of W. $ A. B. gracillimum, Klotzsch in 

 Reis. Pr. Waldem. Bot. 148, t. 50 (sp.) Baltistan, Kashmir, and N.W. Himalaya ; 

 alt. 10,000-14,000 ft. frequent. Sikkim; Yakla alt. 10,000 ft., C. B. Clarice. 

 This has all the appearance of an alpine variety of B. faleatum. The leaves vary a 

 good deal in width ; the lower always linear, the uppermost sometimes ovate. In 

 habit it agrees with an authentic example of B. baldense, var. csneum, Boiss. Fl. 

 Orient, ii. 849, but the leaves seem never oblong. 



8. B. mucronatum, W. fy A. Prodr. 370 ; cauline leaves linear or 

 linear-oblong mucronate often subobtuse narrowed at the base, bracts 4r-5 

 lanceolate prominent, carpels elliptic, ridges prominent, furrows 2-1- (rarely 3-) 

 vittate. B. ramosissimum, W. A. Prodr. 370 ; Wight. Ic. t. 1007. B. fal- 

 eatum, Var. ramosissimum, Ddz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 108. B. virgatum, W. fy 

 A. Prodr. 370, not of Wall. B. nervosum, Moon Cat. 22. 



MTS. of the SOUTH DECCAN and CEYLON ; alt. 5000-8000 ft. ; plentiful. 



Differs essentially from B. faleatum, Linn, in the fruit being elliptic instead of 

 oblong, shorter, and narrowed at the apex. Also there are invariably present 

 4 or 5 bracts, often ^ f in., the bracteoles are more prominent usually exceeding 

 the flowering umbellules, and the upper cauline leaves are less acuminate. W. & A. 

 have distinguished three forms as under: 



VAR. 1 typica ; stem little branched, upper leaves linear-oblong obtuse mucronate, 

 bracteoles sometimes exceeding the fruiting umbellules, carpels strongly ridged, 

 furrows usually with solitary large vittse. South Deccan. 



VAR. 2. ramosissima, W. & A. 1. c. (sp.) ; stem corymbose upwards, leaves less ob- 

 tuse, bracteoles about as long as the flowering umbellules, carpels distinctly ridged, 

 furrows usually 2-vittate. South Deccan. 



VAR. 3. virgata, W. & A. 1. c. (sp.) ; habit nearly of B. falcata but the fruit very 

 markedly ellipsoid, often only \ in. long and nearly as broad, ridges not very promi- 



