726 LXXI. ARALIACEJE. (C. B. Clarke.) [Acantlwpanax. 



4. ACANTKOFANAX, Dene. $ Planch. 



Shrubs or small trees, glabrous (or in non-Indian species tomentose). Leaves 

 palmate or digitate (in Indian species). Umbels panicled or subsolitary; 

 pedicels not jointed under the flower. Flowers polygamous or hermaphrodite. 

 Calyx-teeth 5, small. Petals 5-4, valvate. Stamens 6-4. Ovary 2- (rarely 

 3-4-) celled ; styles 2 at the apex of a conical disc, distinct or combined at the 

 base. Fruit laterally subcompressed or .subglobose. Albumen uniform. 

 DISTEIB. Species 6 ; Japan to Malaya, and E. Bengal. 



1. A. aculeatum, Seem. Rev. Heder. 86; glabrous, prickly, leaves digi- 

 tate, leaflets 3-5 elliptic attenuate at base toothed, umbels in small panicles or 

 solitary, fruit compressed. A. sepium, Seem. Rev. Heder. 86. Panax acule- 

 atum, Ait. Hort. Kew, v. 482 ; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 634 ; Wall. Cat. 4926 ; DC. 

 Prodr. iv. 252. P. Loureirianum, DC. 1. c. Plectronia chinensis, Lour. Fl. 

 Cochinch. 162. Xanthoxylon trifoliatum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1455. Araliad sp. 5, 

 Jferb. Ind. Or., H.f. $ T. 



MISHMEE ; Griffith (Kew Distrib. No. 2665). KHASIA MTS., alt. 4000 ft., frequent. 

 DISTBIB. China, Japan. 



A shrub or small tree ; branches angular ; spines short, broad-based, stout, often 

 deflexed. Leaves of 3-5 leaflets ; petiole 1-2 in., often bearing one or more prickles ; 

 leaflets 2 by f-1 in., subacute, denticulate or serrate, sometimes with a few stiff 

 bristles on the nerves beneath; petiolules usually distinct, -g~^ in. Umbels often 

 solitary ; pedicels numerous, f-1 in. Fruit \ in. long and broad ; styles persistent, 

 recurved, united for half their length. Seemann has marked some of the Kew 

 examples A. sepium, others A. aculeatum, between which no difference can be dis- 

 covered, and his diagnosis of A. sepium applies to the examples he has marked A. 

 o,culeatum. It is very doubtful whether Panax spinosum, Linn. f. (Acanthopanax, 

 Miq.), specifically differs : the leaflets in this seem quite sessile and the prickles are 

 less deflexed. 



5. HELWINGIA, Willd. 



Glabrous under-shrubs. Leaves petioled, simple, lanceolate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late, bristle-serrate ; stipules a tuft of linear bristles seen only at the base of 

 the young petioles. Umbels unisexual, simple, very small, sessile about the 

 middle of the back of the leaf, or on phyllodes ; females 1-4-flowered ; males 

 with more flowers ; bracts 0, pedicels not jointed under the flower. Calyx- 

 margin obsolete. Petals 3-5, valvate. Stamens 3-5. Ovary 3-4-celled ; styles 

 o-4, combined at base, rising from a conical disc. Fruit ovoid or ellipsoid, 

 usually 2-3-celled ; carpels rounded -on the back. Seed compressed : albumen 

 uniform. DISTRIB. Species 2, an Indian and a Japanese. 



1. K. himalaica, Hk. f. fy T. ms. ; leaves lanceolate, fruit in. 



SIKKIM, alt. 7000-9000 ft., frequent. EAST HIMALAYA ; Griffith. ^KHASIA MTS., 

 alt. 5000-6500 ft,, H.f. T. 



Stem woody, branched. Leaves 3 by 1 in., tapering at both ends ; petiole \-\ in. 

 Phyllodes when present spathulate-oblong, sessile, Hin., entire below bristle-serrate 

 near the apex, midrib strong, the wing membranous'imperfectly herbaceous. Flowers 

 25 in- diam., greenish. Fruit 1-3 on the leaf; pedicels hardly ^ in. Seeds narrowly- 

 oblong, compressed, more than twice as long as broad. This hardly differs from H. 

 rusciftora, Willd., which has elliptic (rather than lanceolate) leaves, the fruit shorter 

 subglobose, the seeds less than twice the length of their breadth. 



