Nardostachys.'] LXXVI. VALERIANEJE. (C. B. Clarke.) 211 



H. Jatamansi, DC. Mem. Vakr. 7, t. 1, Prodr. iv. 624; Royle III. 

 242-244. t. 64. N. grandinora, DC. I. c. 8, t. 2, Prodr. iv. 624; Wall. PL As. 

 Rar. iii. 40. Patrinia Jatamansi, Don Prodr. 159, and in Lamb. Cinch. 177, 

 with Jig. Valeriana Jatamansi, Watt. Cat. 431, not of Jones and Roxb. Fedia 

 grandiflora, Wall. Cat. 1187. 



ALPINE HIMALAYA, alt. 11-15,000 ft.; from KUMAON to SIKXIM, ascending to 

 17,000 ft. in Sikkim, J. D. H. 



Rootstock woody, long, stout, covered with fibres from the petioles of withered 

 leaves. Stem 4-24 in., more or less pubescent upwards, often glabrate below, sub- 

 Bcapose. Radical leaves 6-8 by 1 in., longitudinally nerved, glabrous or slightly 

 pubescent, narrowed into the petiole ; cauline 1 or 2 pairs, 1-3 in. long, sessile, oblong 

 or subovate. Flower-heads usually 1, 3 or 5 ; bracts \ in., oblong, usually pubescent. 

 Corolla-tube \ in. long, somewhat hairy within, as are the filaments below. Fruit in. 

 long, covered with ascending white hairs, crowned by the ovate, acute, often dentate 

 calyx-teeth. There are two forms of this plant: a large-flowered, with usually 

 glabrous bracts, and a smaller one, with the corolla-tube scarcely in. long, and the 

 bracts densely shortly hairy ; various intermediates occur. The product spikenard 

 discussed by Sir W. Jones (Asiat. Research, ii. 405) was doubtless derived from A'ar- 

 dostachys ; but the plant figured as Valeriana Jatamansi is V. Wallichii, DC. 



3. VALERIANA Linn. 



Perennial herbs (the Indian species). Leaves entire pinnatifid or pinnate, 

 radical often long-petioled and undivided. Cymes corymbosely panicled ; bracts- 

 small, oblong or linear, persistent, free or nearly so. Calyx-limb in flower ob- 

 scure, unrolling in fruit into 6-15 plumose bristles united at base into a short 

 wide funnel-shaped tube. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, base equal or sub-gibbous ; 

 lobes 5, spreading, pink or white. Stamens 3. Ovary 3-celled, 1-ovuled; 

 stigma shortly 2-3-fid or subentire. Fruit oblong-lanceolate, compressed, plano- 

 convex, with 3 dorsal, 1 ventral, and 2 submarginal ribs, 1-celled, the 2 barren 

 cells obsolete, crowned by the persistent pappus-like calyx. DISTRIB. Species 

 150, in moist temperate and cool regions. 



1. V. dioica, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. iv. 637 ; glabrous, radical leaves long- 

 petioled ovate entire obtuse, cauline pinnatifid, lateral lobes few narrow terminal 

 obtuse, fruit glabrous. Boiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 85. V. pusilla, Royle 111. 241. 



TEMPERATE WESTERN HIMALAYA, from Kashmir to the Karakorum, alt. 11-13,000 

 ft.; frequent, C. B. Clarke, &c., and in Lahul, Jaeschke. DISTBIB. N. W. Asia, 

 Europe. 



RootstocJc slender, decumbent, stoloniferous. Stem 8-16 in., erect, simple, nodes 

 microscopically pilose. Flowers dioecious or polygamo-moncecious ; corymbs of $ 

 compact, of ^ more lax, especially in fruit ; upper bracts in., broadly linear, usually 

 exceeding the fruit. 



2. V. officinalis, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. iv. 641 ; subglabrous, leaves pinnate, 

 segments numerous narrow entire or toothed, corymb large lax, fruit glabrous. 

 JBoiss. Fl. Orient, iii. 89. V. dubia, Bunge in Ledeb. FL Alt. i. 52 ; Ledeb. Ic. 

 Fl. Ross. t. 350. 



NORTH KASHMIR; Sonamurg, alt. 8-9000 ft., Thomson, L'vinge, C. B. Clarke; 

 Kunzlwan, alt. 7500 ft., C. B. Clarke. DISTRIB. North and West Asia, Europe. 



Rootstock short, suberect, hardly thicker than the stem, stoloniferous. Stem 1-3 

 ft., erect, corymbose above, nodes minutely hairy. Eadical leaves at flowering time 

 or pinnate ; the leaves on lateral autumn offsets near the root are often ovate entire 

 or slightly toothed; cauline several, all pinnate; lobes (in the Indian plant, which is 

 exactly V. dubia, Burge) narrowly oblong or linear, often entire, much or sparingly 

 toothed. Upper bracts ^ in., oblong-linear, shorter than the fruits. The European 



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