LXXVII. DIPSACEJ3. (C. B. Clarke.) 



entire and sparingly irregularly toothed, fruit ovate-oblong pubescent or hairy 

 barren cells as large as the fertile, calyx-limb shortly cylindric truncate reticu- 

 lately nerved with one long horizontal linear tooth as long as the capsule or 

 nearly so. Krok. Valerianella, 58, t. 2,^. 17; Boiss. FL Orient, iii. 101. V* 

 Aucheri, Boiss. Diagn. 1 ser. iii. 68. 



KASHMIR, alt. 5-6000 ft., Falconer, Thomson, &c. 



Stem 2-20 in., minutely pubescent. Leaves 2 by | in., glabrous or obscurely 

 puberulous. Corymbs in fruit subpaniculate ; bracts small, narrow-oblong. Fruit 

 -'- in., scarcely curved, hairy especially on one side, or pubescent, or with micro- 

 scopic short hairs resembling glistening dots. 



ORDER LXXVII. DIPSACEJE. (By C. B. Clarke.) 



Herbs or (non-Indian species) rarely shrubs, glabrous, hairy, or prickly. 

 Leaves opposite or whorled, exstipulate, sometimes connate at the base, entire, 

 toothed, lobed or pinnate. Flowers scattered in cymes, whorled in spikes, or 

 more often in dense heads, surrounded by bracts ; bracteoles often present as 

 scales of the receptacle ; ovary free or adnate to a narrow funnel- shaped or utri- 

 cular enveloping involucel. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, usually constricted 

 above it ; limb expanded, cup-shaped or bristly. Corolla funnel-shaped ; limb 

 2-5-fid, equal or 2-lipped, or in the ray-flowers 2-labiate ; disk-flowers equal. 

 Stamens 4 or 2, inserted high on the corolla-tube ; anthers exserted, linear-oblong. 

 Ovary 1-celled ; style filiform, stigma capitate or linear terminal or lateral ; 

 ovule 1, pendulous. Achene dry, enveloped by the involucel and often adnate 

 thereto, crowned usually by the calyx-limb. Seed pendulous, albumen copious 

 or scanty; embryo straight, radicle superior. DISTRIB. Species 120, chiefly 

 Mediterranean, Western Asiatic, South African, Japanese, and Cingalese ; none 

 in America, Polynesia, or Australia. 



Flowers small, scattered in 2-3-chotomous cymes 1. TRIPLOSTEGIA. 



Flowers 2-lipped, whorled on a spike 2. MORINA. 



Flowers in dense peduncled heads, calyx-limb muticous .... 3. DIPSACUS. 

 Flowers in heads, calyx-limb bristly 4. SCABIOSA. 



1. TRIPLOSTEGIA, Wall. 



An erect, perennial, slender herb, glandular-pubescent upwards. Leaves 

 petioled, toothed or pinnatifid, uppermost distant, small, sessile. Cymes lax, 

 2-5-chotomous ; bracts at the divisions, small, narrow-oblong; flowers very 

 small, sessile or shortly pedicelled, with 2 opposite, free, narrow-lanceolate, small 

 bracts, and 4 similar bracteoles, glandular ; involucel an 8-ribbed utricle, nearly 

 closed at the mouth over the fruit. Calyx-limb minute, obscurely toothed. 

 Corolla-tube funnel-shaped ; lobes 5, equal, spreading, pink-purple. Stamens 4, 

 inserted near the base of the corolla-tube, subincluded. Style linear, stigma 

 capitate. Achene shortly beaked, free within the utricular involucel, obscurely 

 4-ribbed, crowned by the unaltered calyx-limb. Seed pendulous, albumen 

 plentiful ; embryo scarcely shorter than the seed. 



1. T. glandulifera, Wall. Cat. 436 ; DC. Prodr. iv. 642. T. glandulosa, 

 DC. Mem. Valer. 20, t. 5. 



TEMPERATE and ALPINE HIMALAYA, alt. 8- 14, 000ft.; from Gurwhal to Bhotan, 

 Wallich, &c. 



Rootstock slender, horizontal. Stem 6-24 in., erect, simple or corymbosely 

 branched, below pubescent or nearly glabrous, above with hairs tipped by large glands. 

 Leaves 2 by 1 in., hairy. Flowers ~ in. Achenes ^ in. ; involucel as long. In fruit 

 the ovary-wall becomes excessively thin, and on a cross-section may be mistaken for 



