230 LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Vernonia. 



flowered large solitary and axillary or few and terminal subsessile, invol. bracts 

 very many long subulate-lanceolate subsquarrose, achenes silky, pappus yellowish 

 or reddish. DC. Pi-odr. v. 15; Clarke Comp. 2nd. 16. V. riparia, Wail. Cat. 

 2925. V. rigiophyila, DC. L c. 15. V. squarrosa, Less, in Linncea, 1831, 627. 

 Eupatorium rigiduin, Wall. Cat. 2925. Acilepis squarrosa, Don Prodr. 169. 



TROPICAL HIMALAYA, from Kumaon, alt. 5000 ft., to Sikkim. BEHAR, CENTRAL 

 INDIA, PEGU and BIRMA, in dry forests. 



Stem simple, terete, erect, leafy, pubescent or tomentose with brown hairs. Leaves 

 2-5 by 12 in., base acute rounded or cordate, usually scabrid on both surfaces, re- 

 ticulate beneath. Heads f-1 in. diam. ; inner invol. bracts nearly ^ in., sparsely 

 woolly, outer small, often squarrose ; corolla glabrous. Achenes % in.; pappus in., 

 outer hairs few, short, caducous. 



2. V. subsessilis, DC. Prodr. v, 62; shrubby, branches nerves beneath 

 and corymbs pubescent or tomentose, leaves large sessile oblanceolate or obovate 

 acute or acuminate toothed serrate or sinuate-crenate glabrous above, heads 

 many f in. diam. 30-40-flowered corymbose or panicled, invol. bracts very many 

 elongate-subulate or acicular strict, achenes silky, pappus reddish. 



NIPAL, Wallich. KHASIA MTS., ASSAM and BIRMA, Griffith, &c. 



Stout, shrubby. Leaves 4-12 by 1-4 in., glabrous above. Heads 40-50-flowered, 

 | in. diam., branches of corymb sometimes woolly, bracts at the forks slender. Invol. 

 obconic ; bracts spreading from the base, outer subulate, very narrow, rigid, pubescent 

 sometimes recurved ; corolla glabrous. Achenes ^ in., striate ; pappus nearly ^ in., 

 persistent, outer very short, unequal, There are three forms of this. 



VAR. 1. subsessilis proper; leaves narrowly lanceolate sharply irregularly toothed 

 or serrate acuminate, heads corymbose, peduncle naked or with solitary subulate bracts. 

 Conyza subsessilis, Wall. Cat. 300. Khasia Mts., alt. 500-2000 ft. 



VAR. 2. bracteolata ; more shrubby, leaves obovate-lanceolate acuminate obscurely 

 sinuate-toothed, heads corymbose, peduncles with often many subulate bracts. V. 

 bracteolata, DC. Prodr. v. 62. Conyza bracteolata, Wall. Cat. 3036. Nipal, Khasia 

 Mts., Assam and Birma. 



VAR. 3. macrophylla; shrubby, leaves 10-12 by 3-3^ in. obovate acute coarsely 

 crenate-toothed, heads panicled, peduncles with filiform bracts. East Nipal, dry rocks 

 on the Tambur river, J. D. H. 



8. V. malabarica, Hook. f. ; branches and leaves beneath softly tomen- 

 tose, leaves shortly petioled elliptic-lanceolate serrulate acuminate puberulous 

 above, heads few in. diam. terminal corymbose, invol. bracts few suberect 

 linear-subulate pubescent, achenes obtusely 5-angled glabrate equalling the 

 invol. bracts, pappus yellowish. 



NILGHERRY MTS. ; Sisparah Ghat, Beddome. 



Apparently shrubby ; branches strict, pubescence of very soft, pale brown, close-set 

 hairs. Leaves 2-3 by f-1 in., rather thin. Heads all peduncled; corolla-lobes 

 glandular-pubescent. Achenes % in. ; pappus in., outer very distinct, short, palea- 

 ceous. 



4. V. Gardner!, Thw. Enum. 160, excl. var. /3 ; herbaceous, branches 

 leaves beneath and inflorescence puberulous, leaves petioled elliptic-lanceolate 

 finely acuminate acutely serrate, nerves not prominent above, invol. bracts nar- 

 row subulate finely acuminate, achenes puberulous, pappus pale reddish. Clarke 

 Comp. 2nd. 11. 



CEYLON, Central Province ; Adam's Peak, Walker ; Ambagamowa, Thwaites. 



Stem and branches slender. Leaves usually 4-5 by ^- in., rarely 5-6 by 2-2|, 

 rather membranous, teeth gland-tipped. Heads ^-f in.; peduncles slender; outer- 

 most invol. bracts somewhat spreading; corolla glabrous. Pappus | in., outer very 

 short. 



