Sphcerant'hus.'] LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 275 



2. S. peg-uensis, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 283; erect or decum- 

 bent, glandular-pubescent, branches winded, leaves strap-shaped or linear-oblong 

 narrowed at the base and decurrent obtuse coarsely serrate, clusters of heads 

 broadly ovoid hirsute, bracts imbricating spinescent. Clarke Comp. Ind. 97. 

 S. zeylanicus, Wall Cat. 3180 C. 



BIRMA ; banks of the Irawaddi, Wallich. PEGU, Kurz. 



Less robust than S. amaranthoides, and with the decurrent bases of the leaves 

 continued throughout the nodes, and toothed ; clusters of heads shorter and hairy all 

 over. 



3. S. africanus, Linn. Sp. PI. 1314; glabrous or pubescent, branches 

 ascending winged, leaves obovate narrowed and decurrent at the bases finely 

 toothed, clusters of heads small globose on winged peduncles glabrous, bracts 

 rounded not imbricating. S. africanus and microcephaius, \Villd. Sp. PL iii. 

 5395. S. microcephaius, DC. Prodr. v. 369; Clarke Comp. Ind. 97. S. indicus, 

 Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 183 ; lioxb. Hort. Seng. 62 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 446. 

 S. africanus, Wall. Cat. 3179, in part. 



Plains of BENGAL and SILHET, and southwards to CEYLON and MALACCA, common 

 in swamps. DISTRIB. Persia. Africa. Malay Islds. China, Philippines and 

 Australia. 



Branches stout or slender, curved, ascending, wing entire. Leaves 1-3 in. Clusters 

 of heads - in. diam., very different from those of the former species, the bracts 

 very small not imbricating nor spinulose, do not conceal the heads. Whole plant 

 fragrant. 



4. S. indicus, Linn. Sp. PL 1314; tomentose or villous, branches ascen- 

 ding with toothed wings, leaves obovate-oblong toothed or serrate, base nar- 

 rowed and decurrent, clusters of heads on winged peduncles globose or shortly 

 oblong, bracts short slender acuminate. Sunn. Fl. Zeyl. t. 94, f. 3. S. indicus, 

 Wittd. Sp. PL iii. 2394. S. hirtus, Willd. 1. c. 2395 ; DC. Prodr. v. 369 ; Kurz 

 in Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 183; Clarke Comp. Ind. 97; Wall. Cat. 3178; 

 Wight Ic. t. 1094. S. africanus, Wall. Cat. 3179, in part. S. mollis, Roxb. 

 Hort. Beng. 62; Fl. Ind. iii. 446; DC. I. c. ; Dalz. $ Gibs. Bomb. FL 123. 

 Rheede Hort. Mai. x. t. 43. 



TROPICAL HIMALAYA, ascending to 5000 ft., from KTTMAON to Sikkim. ASSAM, 

 SILHET, and southwards to CEYLON and SINGAPORE ; common in rice fields. DISTRIB. 

 Africa, Malay Islds., Australia. 



32. PTEROCAULON, Elliott. 



Tomentose herbs. Leaves alternate, decurrent. Heads small, collected in 

 globose, terminal or scattered or spicate clusters, heterogamous, disciform, 

 yellow ; outer fl. $ , many-seriate, fertile, filiform, truncate or 2-3-toothed ; 

 disk-fl. , few or solitary, usually sterile, tubular, slender, 5-toothed. Involucre 

 ovoid or campanulate ; bracts narrow, few-seriate, inner deciduous with the 

 flowers, outer shorter; receptacle small, naked, hirsute or with deciduous 

 bristles. Anther-bases sagittate ; auricles connate, tailed. Style-arms of $ 

 filiform, subobtuse. Achenes small, 4-5-ribbed ; pappus slender, 1-2-seriate. 

 DISTKIB. Species 13, all tropical. 



P. cylindrostachyum, Clarke Comp. Ind. 98 ; erect, densely woolly, 

 leaves obovate or oblong obtuse serrate rugose decurrent, clusters of heads 

 sessile globose. P. Billardieri, F. Muell. Descr. Papuan PL iii. 43 ; Kurz in 

 Journ. As. Soc. 1877, ii. 182. Monenteles spicatus, Labill. Sert. Nov. Caled. 43, 

 t. 43. Gnaphalium cylindrostachyum, Wall. Cat. 3931. 



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