Leontopo'dium.~\ LXXVIII. COMPOSITE. (J. D. Hooker.) 279 



1-seriate, shortly bearded, bases sub -connate. DISTKIB. Species 5, on the 

 mountains of Europe and Asia. 



Zi. alpinum, Cass. ; DC. Proclr. vi. 275 ; Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. t. 947; 

 Clarke Comp. Ind. 100. L. himalayanum, DC. L c. L. monocephalum, Edgew. 

 in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 73. Gnaphalium pulchellum, Wall. Cat. 2945. 



ALPINE HIMALAYA and TIBET, ascending from 10,000 to nearly 18,000 ft. DISTEIB. 

 Alps of Europe and Central Asia. 



This, the Edel-Weiss of the European Alps, is very variable in habit and in the 

 length of foliage, amount of woolliness and size of the involucriform leaves ; the 

 rosulate lower leaves vary from obovate- oblong and in. long, to linear and 1-1^ in. 

 long, equally woolly on both surfaces or less so or almost glabrate above ; flowering 

 stem 1-8 in., erect or ascending, slender or stout, sparingly or densely leafy or woolly ; 

 cauline leaves sessile or ^-amplexicaul, linear or linear-oblong, rarely obovate, obtuse 

 or acute ; involucriform leaves ^-1 in. long, linear or dilated upwards, spreading pr 

 recurved, almost always densely clothed with yellowish wool, always longer than the 

 cluster of heads. Heads monoecious, ^ in. long; invol. bracts erect, scarious, oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, tipped with purple. Achenes papillose if fertile, smooth if 

 sterile ; pappus hairs of ? filiform, of $ thickened towards the tips. 



VAR. Stracheyi; stem 12 in. filiform nearly glabrous, radical leaves 0, cauline lan- 

 ceolate acuminate base auricled cobwebby above, snow-white and woolly beneath. 

 Kumaon at Tola, alt. 11,500 ft., Str. $ Winterb. Nipal, J. Scully. This appears to 

 me to be a state of L. alpina, drawn up amongst rocks, but it is a very peculiar one. 



89. ANAPHALIS, DC. 



Perennial, rarely annual, erect, cottony or woolly, rarely pubescent or glabrate 

 herbs. Leaves alternate. Heads small, corymbose, heterogamous with the $ 

 fl. outermost, or unisexual or subdicecious, disciform ; fl. <j> numerous, filiform, 

 fertile, 2-4-toothed ; fl. ^ usually sterile, tubular, limb subcampanulate 5-fid. 

 Involucre campanulate turbinate or sub-globose ; bracts oo -seriate, scarious, 

 inner with a petaloid limb, outer shorter, outermost woolly ; receptacle naked. 

 Anther-bases sagittate ; auricles connate, tailed. Style of filiform, obtuse, 

 subcapitate or 2-cleft. Achenes very small, oblong; pappus hairs of <j> 1-seriate, 

 slender, scabrid, quite free and caducous, of $ often thickened at the tips. 

 DISTRIB. Species about 2o, chiefly temperate and mountain plants of Asia and 

 America. 



It is difficult to conceive a more troublesome assemblage of plants to discriminate 

 and describe than this genus presents. The following arrangement of the Indian 

 species is quite artificial. I have vainly sought good characters in the number of the 

 flowers and of $ and ? flowers in a head ; these vary much in the same plant, and in 

 different plants of the same species, and I suspect that the size of head which differs 

 in very similar plants and which is relied on as a specific character in often only a 

 sexual one. In some (as A. oblonga) the disk-flowers are all- fertile, thus breaking 

 down the character between this genus and Gnaphalium ; in fact the differences be- 

 tween these genera and Helichrysum, Antennaria and Leontopodium are artificial and 

 hardly sufficient for practical purposes. 



SEKIES I. Heads large, |-| in. diam. (except in A. xylorhiza and Royleana), 

 more or less stellately spreading, acute or acuminate, white. All Himalayan 

 and mostly Alpine. 



1. A. nubig-ena, DC. Prodr. vi. 272; dwarf, softly woolly or cottony, 

 stems simple tufted 1-8 in., leaves elliptic or lanceolate or lowest obovate-spathu- 

 late 1-nerved acute or with a naked point or awn, base contracted, heads 1 or 

 few -1 in. diam., invol. bracts lanceolate obtuse or subacute to more than 

 in. long. 



